Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a worldwide problem that is likely the cause of chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, liver failure, and may underlie the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study aimed to verify the ability of plasma level of MiR-126 gene expression determination to differentiate patients with HCV infection according to the probable response to treatment was evaluated. Blood samples of 43 patients and 17 controls were obtained and processed for determination of serum aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT) and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) in addition to plasma level of MiR-126 gene expression. The percentage of change in post-treatment sample was calculated. Results showed that the treatment significantly reduced serum AFP and plasma MiR-126 expression levels, while serum AST and ALT were non-significantly reduced. The rate of change in posttreatment serum AFP and plasma MiR-126 were positively correlated. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis defined high pre-treatment serum ALT and low pretreatment plasma MiR-126 levels as sensitive and specific predictors for response to treatment, respectively with moderate accuracy. Multivariate Regression analysis defined the low pretreatment gene expression level of MiR-126 as the significant predictor for response to treatment. In conclusion, the gene expression of MiR-126 was correlated with the results of laboratory diagnostic tests for HCV infection but showed a significantly higher diagnostic value. Low gene expression of MiR-126 can discriminate samples of HCV responders to treatment.