Serotipificación de aislamientos clínicos y del medio ambiente de Cryptococcus neoformans en Colombia

Ordóñez, Nelly; Castañeda, Elizabeth

doi:10.7705/biomedica.v14i3.2096

Cited by 13 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The identity of the isolates submitted to the central laboratories was confirmed using conventional laboratory techniques (20). Species was determined employing culture in CanavanineGlycine-Bromothymol Blue agar (CGB) (21).…”

Section: Laboratory Assaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Criptococosis en Colombia: resultados de la encuesta nacional, 2006-2010

et al. 2012

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Introduction: A survey on cryptococcosis is being conducted regularly in Colombia since 1997. We present hereby the results corresponding to patients diagnosed from 2006 to 2010. Objective: To analyze the data obtained during this period. Materials and methods:Retrospective analysis of the corresponding surveys. Results: A total of 526 surveys originating from 72% of the Colombian political divisions were received during the 5-year period. Most patients (76.6%) were males and 74.9% were 21-50 years old. The most prevalent risk factor was HIV infection (83.5%) with cryptococcosis defining AIDS in 23% of the cases. In the general population the estimated mean annual incidence rate for cryptococcosis was 2.4 x 10 6 inhabitants while in AIDS patients this rate rose to 3.3 x 10 3 . In 474 surveys stating clinical features, most frequent complaints were headache 84.5%, fever 63.4%, nausea and vomiting 57.5%, mental alterations 46.3%, meningeal signs 33.0%, cough 26.4% and visual alterations 24.5%. Neurocryptococcosis was recorded in 81.8% of the cases. Laboratory diagnosis was based on direct examination, culture and latex in 29.3% cases. From 413 Cryptococcus isolates analyzed, 95.6% were identified as C. neoformans var. grubii, 1% C. neoformans var. neoformans, and 3.4% C. gattii. Treatment was reported for 71.6% of the cases with amphotericin B alone or in combination with fluconazole prescribed in 28%. Conclusions: Surveys done through passive surveillance continue to be sentinel markers for HIV infection and represent a systematic approach to the study of opportunistic problems regularly afflicting AIDS patients since cryptococcosis requires no compulsory notification in Colombia. Author contributions:Patricia Escandón: played an important role in writing and preparing the manuscript, in charge of the surveillance at the Instituto Nacional de Salud, controlled receipt of questionnaires. Catalina de Bedout: in charge of the mycological diagnosis for all Corporación para Investigaciones Biológicas cases, established links with physicians in charge of patients, controlled receipt of questionnaires and performed the susceptibility testing in all isolates. Jairo Lizarazo: physician in charge of the patients from Norte de Santander, checked the questionnaire's contents for medical accuracy, analyzed the data through statistical analysis. Clara Inés Agudelo: worked all long in the surveillance study, played an important role in preparation of the manuscript and in the analysis of the data, including statistical tests. Ángela Tobón: examined many of the Corporación para Investigaciones Biológicas patients, filled in the corresponding questionnaires, supervised the clinical aspects of most patients and served as a consultant for other physicians in charge of cryptococcosis patients. Solmara Bello: in charge of the mycological diagnosis for Instituto Nacional de Salud cases. Ángela Restrepo: surveillance of the whole program, contacting physicians and serving as consultant for all participants, analyzing data, writing of ...

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Section: Laboratory Assaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Criptococosis en Colombia: resultados de la encuesta nacional, 2006-2010

et al. 2012

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“…gaffii, el 7,4%; sin embargo, es importante señalar que el 64% de los casos de criptococosis diagnosticados en Cúcuta son causados por la var. gaffii (25)(26)(27). Basados en esta observación, se diseñó un estudio para determinar el hábitat de C. neoformans var.…”

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Recuperación de Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii serotipo C a partir de detritos de almendros

Castañeda

Huérfano

Rodríguez³

et al. 2001

biomedica

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Durar~te 1996-1997, se llevó a cabo en Cúcuta un estudio para determinar el hábitat de Cryptococcus neoforrnans var. gattii debido a que los casos clinicos ocasionados por esa variedad se presentan con alta frecuencia en dicha ciudad. A partir de 2 de 68 almendros (Terrninalia catappa) localizados y estudiados en la ciudad, se logró aislar C. neoforrnans var. gattiiserotipo C. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue realizar un seguimiento de los dos almendros positivos, con el fin de evaluar el tiempo de permanencia del hongo en asocio con los detritos en diferentes épocas del año. Se tomaron muestras de los dos árboles durante 26 meses y de 9 almendros adicionales; las muestras se extrajeron con una solución tampón fosfato suplementada con antibióticos; el extracto se sembró en medios selectivos y se identificó la especie con base en la morfoloclía macro y microscópica v en pruebas bioauimicas. La determinación de la variedad y el sirotipo se realizó con i l empleo de técnicas estandarizadas. Del total de 160 muestras de los dos almendros, 31 (1 9,3%) fueron positivas para C. neoforrnans var. gattiiserotipo C a s i como una muestra de 1 de los 9 almendros adicionales. Estos hallazaos confirman que el almendro (Terrninalia catappa) puede tener algún papel como intermediaria para la var gatfii y, además, que la variedad está presente en el área durante todo el año, ya que se logró recuperar en diferentes meses a lo largo de todo el estudio.Palabras clave: Cryptococcus neoforrnans, ecología, hábitat, almendros.Recovery of Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii serotype C from almond trees detritus During 1996 to1997 a study conducted to search for the habitat of C. neoforrnansvar. gattiiwas carried out in Cúcuta, dueto the high frequency of clinical cases caused by this variety. From a total of 68 almond trees (Terrninalia catappa), two were positive for C. neoforrnans var. gattii serotype C. The aim of the present study was to follow-up the 2 positive trees in order to evaluate the permanence of the yeast in different months of the year. Samples were extracted with PBS supplemented with antibiotics and were plated in selective media. Species were assigned based on macro and microscopic morphology and biochemical tests. Variety and serotype was also determined with standardized techniques. From the two positive almond trees, samples were taken during 26 months and additionally 9 new almond trees were screened. From 160 samples, 31 (19,3%) were positive for C. neoforrnans var. gatfiiserotype C as well as 1 of the 9 extra trees.These findings confirmed that almond trees (Terrninalia catappa) could be a intermediate habitat for the var. gattii. In addition, that C. neoforrnans var. gattii serotype C could be present during the whole year in the area.

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“…This is the first time in our laboratory, that we were able to successfully mate isolates of opposite mating types with reproducible results, since the experiment was done twice, with the same results. Several approaches had been made previously in our laboratory to test those strains, including culture on SYB agar and malt agar (22), but those experiments had been not reproducible using the previously described methodologies and the mating experiments had to be repeated more than once (23).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinación in vitro de la pareja sexual en aislamientos del complejo Cryptococcus neoformans

et al. 2007

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Introduction. Within the Cryptococcus neoformans species complex, two species and five serotypes are recognized: C. neoformans (var. grubii, serotype A; var. neoformans, serotype D and a hybrid, serotype AD) and C. gattii (serotypes B and C). Mating types a and α are designated by a single locus, with the mating type α being most prevalent in serotype A and D strains. Objective. To evaluate the ability of Colombian isolates of the C. neoformans species complex to mate in vitro with tester strains of the opposite mating type. Materials and methods. Fifty three clinical isolates were included in this study, 33 C. neoformans var. grubii serotype A, 4 C. neoformans var. neoformans serotype D, all mating type α, and 16 C. gattii, 13 serotype B (mating type a) and 3 serotype C (mating type α ), were mixed on V8 juice agar, using a modified method, with the appropriate tester strains to determine the mating types in vitro. Results. Mating studies revealed that 9 of 33 (27.3%) serotype A isolates and 6 of 13 (46.2%) serotype B isolates were able to mate. Clamp connections and basidia with basidiospores were observed microscopically, indicating that the mating process had occurred. All mating competent serotype A strains were mating type alpha and the serotype B mating competent strains were mating type a. Conclusion. This is the first report of the determination of the mating ability of Colombian Cryptococcus neoformans isolates to mate in vitro with appropriate tester strains, which is of great importance to study the propagation of the fungus around the globe.

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Serotipificación de aislamientos clínicos y del medio ambiente de Cryptococcus neoformans en Colombia

Cited by 13 publications

References 10 publications

Criptococosis en Colombia: resultados de la encuesta nacional, 2006-2010

Criptococosis en Colombia: resultados de la encuesta nacional, 2006-2010

Recuperación de Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii serotipo C a partir de detritos de almendros

Determinación in vitro de la pareja sexual en aislamientos del complejo Cryptococcus neoformans

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