Serotype variation in Streptococcus anginosus, S. constellatus and S. intermedius

Inoue, Masakazu; Eifuku-Koreeda, Hiroko; Kitada, K.; Takamatsu-Matsushita, Nobumi; Okada, Yasukazu; Osano, E

doi:10.1099/00222615-47-5-435

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 17 publications

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“…equisimilis and S. anginosus display the group A antigen, which can lead to their misidentification as S. pyogenes (5,11,17). S. dysgalactiae subsp.…”

Section: Equisimilismentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid Differentiation between Members of the Anginosus Group and Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis within Beta-Hemolytic Group C and G Streptococci by PCR

Liu¹,

Tsai

Hsueh³

et al. 2006

J Clin Microbiol

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Based on a pair of primers developed initially for differentiating the anginosus group from other viridans streptococci, the PCR reported here can also differentiate between members of the anginosus group and Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis among beta-hemolytic group C and G streptococci. The resulting 742-bp PCR product was specific for members of the anginosus group, although a smaller, nonspecific product (361 bp) was generated from S. dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis. Restriction digestion of the amplicon with XbaI and BsmI further differentiated Streptococcus anginosus from Streptococcus constellatus within the anginosus group.The human isolates of beta-hemolytic group C (group C streptococci [GCS]) and group G streptococci (GGS) include the anginosus group (Streptococcus anginosus and/or Streptococcus constellatus) and Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis. Among them, S. anginosus and S. dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis are found in both GCS and GGS, but S. constellatus is found only in GCS. While these species are regarded as normal flora that colonize human skin, throat, intestine, and vaginal tract (6, 15), they can cause serious infections such as bacteremia, endocarditis, rheumatic fever, and streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (7, 9, 16).Identification of the above-mentioned bacteria in the clinical laboratory setting usually depends on morphological observation and biochemical tests and serogrouping. Many laboratories report the identification of these bacteria to the group level but not the species level. However, differentiation to the precise species among these GCS and GGS should not be ignored, because it has been reported that large-colony GCS or GGS (referring to S. dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis) may have virulence factors similar to those of Streptococcus pyogenes (9, 13) and are more invasive than the anginosus group among GCS or GGS (4).Conventional methods of differentiation based on morphology and biochemical reactions were time-consuming, and the results were usually unsatisfactory (5). Molecular methods targeting the 16S rRNA gene, the 16S-23S rRNA intergenic spacer, or the groEL gene have recently been used as more accurate methods to identify species of the anginosus group or S. dysgalactiae subgroups (1,2,8,16,17). However, these methods usually need sequence determination and were not economical for clinical use.We have previously determined the groESL sequences in viridans group streptococci (14). The groES and groEL genes (also known as cpn10/60) are evolutionarily conserved and are considered as an alternative for the identification of microorganisms. To differentiate the anginosus group from other viridans group streptococci, we designed a set of PCR primers specific for members of the anginosus group. In this study, we unexpectedly found that beta-hemolytic S. dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis also generated a smaller, nonspecific PCR product.Bacterial strains. The bacterial strains used in this study consisted of the following reference strains obtained fr...

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“…equisimilis and S. anginosus display the group A antigen, which can lead to their misidentification as S. pyogenes (5,11,17). S. dysgalactiae subsp.…”

Section: Equisimilismentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid Differentiation between Members of the Anginosus Group and Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis within Beta-Hemolytic Group C and G Streptococci by PCR

Liu¹,

Tsai

Hsueh³

et al. 2006

J Clin Microbiol

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Streptococcus

Whiley

Hardie

2015

Bergey's Manual of Systematics of Archaea and Bacteria

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Strep.to.coc'cus. Gr. adj. streptus pliant; Gr. n. kokkos a grain, berry; N.L. masc. n. Streptococcus pliant coccus. Firmicutes / “Bacilli” / “Lactobacillales” / Streptococcaceae / Streptococcus Streptococcus strains are normally spherical or ovoid , less than 2 µm in diameter, occurring in chains or in pairs when grown in liquid media. Cells are nonmotile . Endospores are not formed . Gram‐positive . Virtually all species are facultatively anaerobic , some requiring additional CO 2 for growth. Chemo‐organotrophic with fermentative metabolism . Carbohydrates are fermented to produce mainly lactic acid but no gas. Catalase‐negative . Nutritional requirements are complex and variable. The peptidoglycan is of group A (Schleifer and Kandler, 1972) with L ‐lysine as the diamino acid in position 3 of the peptide subunit. Menaquinones are not present. Cell‐wall polysaccharides form the basis of the Lancefield serological grouping scheme (Lancefield, 1933). Rhamnose is a common constituent of almost all streptococcal cell walls and its notable absence among members of the Mitis species group which includes Streptococcus pneumoniae , together with the presence of significant amounts of ribitol, are valuable chemotaxonomic markers for these taxa. DNA G + C content ( mol %): 33–46. Type species : Streptococcus pyogenes Rosenbach 1884, 23 AL .

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Serological Properties of Abiotrophia and Granulicatella Species (Nutritionally Variant Streptococci)

Kitada

Okada

Kanamoto

et al. 2000

Microbiology and Immunology

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Serological variations were examined among 12 type or reference strains and 91 oral isolates of vitamin B6-dependent Abiotrophia and Granulicatella spp. Rabbits were immunized with whole cells of 12 selected strains and 10 typing antisera were obtained, which were unreactive with the Lancefield group A to G antigen preparations. The reactivity of the antisera and autoclaved cell surface antigen extracts was tested by double diffusion in agar gel and a capillary precipitin test. These typing antisera categorized all Abiotrophia defectiva strains, all except one Granulicatella elegans strain, three-quarters of the Granulicatella adiacens, and half of the Granulicatella paraadiacens into 8 serotypes and 2 subserotypes. The Granulicatella balaenopterae type strain was unserotypable. All A. defectiva strains were serotype I, some of which were divided into subserotype I-1 and/or 1-5. The G. adiacens strains generally belonged to serotype II or III, and the G. paraadiacens strains to serotype IV, V or VI. All G. adiacens or G. paraadiacens serotype II strains were also subserotype 1-5. The G. elegans strains were serotype VII or VIII. These Abiotrophia and Granulicatella serotypes were undetectable among 33 strains of the other 11 species including the bacteriolytic enzyme-producing but vitamin B6-independent strains of Streptococcus, Enterococcus, Dolosigranulum and Aerococcus. The proposed serotyping system for Abiotrophia and Granulicatella spp. would be helpful in the identification and classification of these unique coccal isolates in ecological and epidemiological studies.

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Serotype variation in Streptococcus anginosus, S. constellatus and S. intermedius

Cited by 4 publications

References 17 publications

Rapid Differentiation between Members of the Anginosus Group and Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis within Beta-Hemolytic Group C and G Streptococci by PCR

Rapid Differentiation between Members of the Anginosus Group and Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis within Beta-Hemolytic Group C and G Streptococci by PCR

Streptococcus

Serological Properties of Abiotrophia and Granulicatella Species (Nutritionally Variant Streptococci)

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