Serum from postmenopausal women treated with a by-product of olive-oil extraction process stimulates osteoblastogenesis and inhibits adipogenesis in human mesenchymal stem-cells (MSC)

Abstract

Aging may enhance both oxidative stress and bone-marrow mesenchymal stemcell (MSC) differentiation into adipocytes. That reduces osteoblastogenesis, thus favoring bone-mass loss and fracture, representing an important worldwide health-issue, mainly in countries with aging populations. Intake of antioxidant products may help to retain bone-mass density. Interestingly, a novel olivepomace physical treatment to generate olive oil also yields by-products rich in functional antioxidants. Thus, diet of postmenopausal women was supplemented for two months with one of such by-products (distillate 6; D6), being rich in squalene. After treatment, serum from such women showed reduced both lipidic peroxidation and oxidized low-density lipoprotein (LDL). Besides, vitamin E and coenzyme Q10 levels increased. Furthermore, culture medium containing 10% of such serum both increased osteoblastogenesis and reduced adipogenesis in human MSC from bone marrow. Therefore, highly antioxidant by-products like D6 may represent a relevant source for development of functional products, for both prevention and treatment of degenerative pathologies associated with aging, like osteoporosis.

Current Insights into the Biological Action of Squalene

“…In this regard, postmenopausal women supplemented for 2 months with an olive oil by‐product rich in squalene showed reduced lipid peroxidation and oxidized low‐density lipoprotein and increased vitamin E and coenzyme Q 10 levels. Furthermore, a culture medium containing 10% of their serum increased osteoblastogenesis and reduced adipogenesis in human bone‐marrow mesenchymal stem‐cell culture . In contrast, short‐term, daily, oral supplementation of 100 mg squalene in combination with other antioxidants (vitamin C, coenzyme Q10, zinc, beta carotene, bioflavonoids, and selenium) did not improve plasma oxidants and plasma antioxidant capacity in superficial partial thickness burn patients .…”

Olea europaea and Its Constituents Promote Bone Health by Enhancing Osteoblast Differentiation and Proliferation: A Review

“…Treatment of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell with the serum demonstrated an induction of osteogenesis and suppression of adipogenesis. 48 Role of olive oil phenolic compound in osteoblast differentiation was also reported in human osteosarcoma cell line MG-63. Different phenolic compounds of olive oil which are luteolin, apigenin, p-coumaric, caffeic acid and ferulic acid were supplemented to the bone cell culture to investigate the expression of bone formation and immunological markers.…”

Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 5: A Novel Regulator of Early Osteogenic Differentiation of hMSCs

“…Osteoporosis is a disease that causes progressive bone loss, increasing the susceptibility of affected patients to bone fractures. The ability of hMSCs to differentiate into osteoblasts, osteocytes, and adipocytes ultimately controls to development of bone and fat tissues [16,17]. Impairment of hMSC osteogenesis can impair bone formation, and such impairment is a common hallmark of osteoporosis [6,18].…”