Serum lncRNA LOXL1‐AS1 is a diagnostic and prognostic marker for epithelial ovarian cancer

Abstract

Background: The present study aimed to examine the levels of circulating LOXL1-AS1 in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) patients and to analyze its diagnostic and prognostic value. Methods: The levels of LOXL1-AS1 in 185 EOC patients and 43 healthy volunteers were evaluated by a quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. The potential of LOXL1-AS1 as a biomarker for EOC diagnosis was determined by receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve assays. The associations between clinicopathological parameters and LOXL1-AS1 expression were analyzed using a chisquared test. The influence of LOXL1-AS1 on overall survival was analyzed by the use of Kaplan-Meier. A Cox proportional hazards assays were conducted for the determination of the prognostic value of LOXL1-AS1. Results: The expression of LOXL1-AS1 was dramatically higher in EOC patients compared to healthy controls (p < 0.01). LOXL1-AS1 yielded an area under the ROC curve of 0.843 with 65.3% sensitivity and 68.2% specificity in discriminating highgrade EOC from healthy controls. It was also shown that LOXL1-AS1 expression was associated with advanced FIGO stage (p = 0.004) and positively distant metastasis (p = 0.013). Kaplan-Meier assays revealed that patients with high LOXL1-AS1 expression had a shorter overall survival than those with low expression (p = 0.0006). By performing multivariate assays, LOXL1-AS1 was confirmed to be an independent prognostic factor for predicting the prognosis of EOC patients. Conclusions: We provide evidence indicating that LOXL1-AS1 expression is correlated with a poor clinical outcome in EOC patients and may act as an independent prognostic indicator, as well as a new diagnostic biomarker.

Candidate RNA biomarkers in biofluids for early diagnosis of ovarian cancer: A systematic review

“…Biomarkers identified in patients with advanced disease are not necessarily relevant for the early disease setting. The diagnostic performance of LOXL1-AS1, a potential biomarker identified in a cohort of 119 earlystage patients, 67 advanced patients and 43 healthy women, is clearly higher in patients with advanced disease compared to patients with early-stage disease [45]. However, we cannot exclude that some current or future biomarkers may exist that are useful for identification of both early and advanced disease, albeit with different sensitivity.…”

“…In 14 out of the 36 studies age-matching between cases and controls was applied. In two studies, gender nor age of the control group was reported [38,45]. Samples of ovarian cancer patients with FIGO stage I-II are most interesting to investigate in the context of early detection.…”

“…Although the extracellular transcriptome of human biofluids is complex and diverse, most liquid biopsy studies in this field focused on miRNAs (30/36). Only two studies looked into circRNAs [23,27], two studies investigated mRNAs [18,38], one study looked into long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) [45] and one study looked into a combination of one miRNA, one lncRNA and one mRNA [25]. Surprisingly, RNA sequencing for unbiased biomarker discovery is rarely used in the reported literature on RNA biomarkers for early diagnosis of ovarian cancer.…”

Long non-coding RNA PTPRG-AS1 promotes cell tumorigenicity in epithelial ovarian cancer by decoying microRNA-545-3p and consequently enhancing HDAC4 expression

“…Several studies have revealed lncRNA dysregulation in a wide variety of human cancers and have identi ed lncRNAs as modulators of tumor etiology and progression [12][13][14]. Regarding EOC, a substantial amount of evidence has established that various lncRNAs are differentially expressed and function as tumor-inhibiting or tumor-promoting factors in regulating tumorigenesis [15][16][17]. microRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of single-stranded, non-coding RNA transcripts comprising [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] nucleotides [18].…”

Long non-coding RNA PTPRG-AS1 promotes cell tumorigenicity in epithelial ovarian cancer by decoying microRNA-545-3p and consequently enhancing HDAC4 expression

“…Many studies have revealed lncRNA dysregulation in a wide variety of human cancers and have identi ed lncRNAs as modulators of tumor etiology and progression [12][13][14]. With regard to EOC, a substantial amount of evidence has established that a variety of lncRNAs are differentially expressed and function as tumor-inhibiting or tumor-promoting factors in regulating tumorigenesis [15][16][17]. microRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of single-stranded, non-coding RNA transcripts with a length of [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] nucleotides [18].…”