Setting the Width of Emergency Exit in Pedestrian Walking Facilities

Wang, Shuai; Hao, Yue; Zhang, Binya; Li, Juan

doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.07.200

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…For validation according to time-based evacuation strategy, other work such as shown in [27] has proven that when the number of exits has been increased, the flow will be less dense through the exit-way provided that the door width for the exit is the same for all.…”

Section: Table-v: Total Evacuation Time With Triple Exitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crowd Evacuation Behaviour Modeling and Simulation in 3D Platform

Sharbini*,

Julaihi,

Ping

et al. 2020

IJRTE

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Crowd simulation is an active research domain and is crucial for simulating crowd behaviour in certain condition such as normal or panic situation. The simulation is to show the interaction between the individual in a crowd. Nowadays, there are many kinds of scenarios as well as simulation softwares that can be adapted to simulate a crowd simulation such as during emergency situation e.g. building evacuation. Crowd simulation in three-dimensional platform is fairly important in order to have a more realistic looks and movement of the crowd in one particular environment. The evacuation simulation is useful for the crowd in one confinement to seek for a safe exit path in shortest time possible and thus increase the occupant’s safety. The evacuation time is said to be in safe condition if all the evacuees successfully can get through the exit in minimal time. To aid in minimal exit time, the concept of faster-is-slower (bottleneck) must be solved as it can lead to more waiting time or delay during evacuation process. In this paper, it will discuss about the crowd simulation behavior, crowd simulation based on agent-based model, existing crowd simulation tools and the result of simulating the three-dimensional (3D) crowd evacuation time based on a number of exits variation in panic situation. The tools used to carry out the experiment is Anylogic software whereby the results show that it adheres to shorter evacuation time when the number of exit increases. The 3D layout design was following the original layout the faculty’s lower ground floor where the classrooms are mostly resided. The simulation is useful in order to estimate of evacuation time with different total number of exits to alleviate the faster-is-slower effect in case of any emergency situation happens at the faculty building.

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Section: Table-v: Total Evacuation Time With Triple Exitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crowd Evacuation Behaviour Modeling and Simulation in 3D Platform

Sharbini*,

Julaihi,

Ping

et al. 2020

IJRTE

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“…Understanding pedestrian flow during a fire in a building is a key problem and should be considered in improving the accuracy of an evacuation model [1][2][3][4]. Studies related to pedestrian flow were conducted in relation to building conditions (e.g., building use, size, number of floors, number of rooms, size and number of doors, and presence or absence of escape stairs) [5][6][7], pedestrian characteristics (e.g., number of pedestrians, age and gender distribution, interaction, physical characteristics, familiarity with the building, and roles) [4,8,9], and evacuation environment (e.g., day/night, season, smoke, heat, and presence of toxic gas) [10][11][12][13][14]. Among them, building conditions not only determine the evacuation capacity of the building at the design stage but also affect pedestrian flow [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consideration of the Door Opening Process in Pedestrian Flow: Experiments on Door Opening Direction, Door Handle Type, and Limited Visibility

et al. 2020

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The door is a section prone to bottlenecks and is an important element in the study of pedestrian flow. Therefore, characteristics of doors (e.g., width, location, and the distance between doors) have been taken into consideration in the existing literature related to doors. According to several previous studies, it appears likely that the door opening process (DOP) influences pedestrian flow. However, the number of studies examining the DOP remains small. Therefore, to enhance understanding of pedestrian flow, we examined two door characteristics that could affect the DOP (opening direction (swing door: push or pull) and handle type (knob, lever, and panic bar)) and limited visibility. We conducted a walking experiment to take all variables (10 cases; 10 participants per case) into account. Statistical analysis was performed on the difference in movement times, and the results were as follows: (1) inclusion of the DOP affected pedestrian flow; (2) when visibility was limited, movement times with DOP inclusion increased significantly regardless of the door opening direction and handle type; (3) when the door opening direction was ‘push’, regardless of limited visibility and door handle type, movement times with DOP inclusion were significantly lower; and (4) the door handle type did not result in any significant difference in movement times with DOP inclusion. In addition, we calculated the delay time based on the experiment results, to include the DOP in pedestrian flow (push 1.96–2.88 s, pull 3.91–4.43 s; limited visibility: push 7.38–12.56 s, and pull 12.88–16.35 s). The results of this study could be used as basic data for the development of codes/regulations, engineering guidance, and egress models for doors.

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