Sex-related differences in carotid plaque features and inflammation

Sangiorgi, Giuseppe; Roversi, Sara; Biondi‐Zoccai, Giuseppe; Modena, Maria Grazia; Servadei, Francesca; Ippoliti, Arnaldo; Mauriello, Alessandro

doi:10.1016/j.jvs.2012.07.052

Cited by 64 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…In our study, only smoking was more prevalent among men, which is in agreement with other studies that also found a greater frequency of smoking among men with peripheral and atherosclerotic carotid diseases [6][7][8] . As our study was retrospective, only current smoking was analyzed.…”

supporting

confidence: 93%

“…Those authors included patients with claudication in their sample and found a significantly higher percentage of critical ischemia among women that underwent treatment than among men 6 . The higher prevalence of hypertension among women was also found by other authors in studies about CVD 8,9,11 . Su et al found an increase in the prevalence of hypertension among women after menopause 9 .…”

supporting

confidence: 83%

“…According to Brazilian studies, there has been an increase in overweight and obesity rates in the last decades, greater among women, which has affected the prevalence of diabetes, metabolic syndrome and CVD 2 . Current research has investigated possible gender differences in the following diseases: ischemic heart disease, peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD), abdominal aortic aneurysm and carotid atherosclerosis 1,[3][4][5][6][7][8][9] . Prevalence of risk factors and comorbidities may be different between men and women with PAOD 1 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gender-related differences in critical limb ischemia due to peripheral arterial occlusive disease

et al. 2013

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Background: Mortality from cardiovascular disease has declined among men and increased among North American women. Recent studies have revealed differences between genders in the epidemiology of atherosclerotic disease. Objective: To study possible differences between male and female patients with critical limb ischemia (CLI) according to risk factors of atherosclerosis and clinical characteristics of lower limbs with peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD). Methods: The study included 171 male and female patients treated for CLI due to infrainguinal PAOD and compared clinical characteristics (Rutherford category and PAOD territory), risk factors for atherosclerosis (diabetes, age, smoking and hypertension) and number of opacified arteries on digital angiograms of the leg. The EPI-INFO software was used for statistical analysis, and the level of significance was set at p<0.05. Results: Mean age was 70 years, and 88 patients were men (52%). For most patients (both genders), Rutherford category was 5 (82% of men and 70% of women; p=0.16). The group of women had higher mean age (73 vs. 67 years; p=0.0002) and greater prevalence of diabetes (66% vs. 45%; p=0.003) and hypertension (90% vs. 56%; p=0.0000001). Among men, the prevalence of smoking was higher (76% vs. 53%; p=0.0008). The analysis of digital angiograms revealed that opacification of only one artery in the leg was found for 74% of women (vs. 50% of men). Conclusion: The prevalence of risk factors for atherosclerosis and the characteristics of PAOD are different between male and female patients with CLI.

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supporting

confidence: 93%

supporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gender-related differences in critical limb ischemia due to peripheral arterial occlusive disease

et al. 2013

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“…Sangiorgi et al [27] found that thrombotic plaques were significantly more common in men than in women. They also found that plaque ulceration was found more often in men, whereas women had a higher degree of calcific nodules and stable fibrocalcific plaque.…”

Section: Gender and Atherosclerosis: Difference In Plaque Morphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender-Related Differences in Atherosclerosis

Mathur

Ošťádal

Romeo

et al. 2015

Cardiovasc Drugs Ther

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Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally. Considerable research has been done over the last several decades to understand the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis. It is widely believed that estrogen is responsible for the protection of women from CVD in the premenopausal age group. However, hormone replacement therapy has failed to decrease CVD events in clinical studies which points to the complexity of the relationship between vascular biology and estrogen hormones. Interestingly, preponderance of vascular and connective tissue disorders in women also points to an inherent role of hormones and tissue factors in maintenance of vascular endothelial function. The differential effect of GPER, lipoprotein A, TLRs, leucocyte-platelet aggregate markers in men and women also suggests inherent gender-related differences in the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis. A better understanding of the pathophysiology is likely to open ways to improve evidence-based treatment of CVD in women.

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“…In addition, 33.0% of US adults, or approximately 78 million people over 20 years of age, have hypertension. Unfortunately, this is a major public health problem because although nearly 82% of people with hypertension are aware of their condition, a smaller fraction (75%) are using antihypertensive medication; but more important, only 53% of those with hypertension are controlled to target Reducing stroke in women with risk factor management: blood pressure and cholesterol future science group Review Baghshomali & Bushnell levels [1].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Reducing Stroke in Women with Risk Factor Management: Blood Pressure and Cholesterol

Baghshomali

Bushnell

2014

Womens Health (Lond Engl)

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actorStroke is a major cause of death and disability in adults worldwide. Prevention focused on modifiable risk factors, such as hypertension and hyperlipidemia, has shown them to be of significant importance in decreasing the risk of stroke. Multiple studies have brought to light the differences between men and women with regards to stroke and these risk factors. Women have a higher prevalence of stroke, mortality and disability and it has been shown that preventive and treatment options are not as comprehensive for women. Hence, it is of great necessity to evaluate and summarize the differences in gender and stroke risk factors in order to target disparities and optimize prevention, especially because women have a higher lifetime risk of stroke. The purpose of this review is to summarize sex differences in the prevalence of hypertension and hyperlipidemia. In addition, we will review the sex differences in stroke prevention effectiveness and adherence to blood pressure and cholesterol medications, and suggest future directions for research to reduce the burden of stroke in women.

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Sex-related differences in carotid plaque features and inflammation

Abstract: Carotid plaques seem significantly different in women and men, but the main drivers of such pathologic differences are baseline features, including stenosis severity and symptom status.

Cited by 64 publications

References 40 publications

Gender-related differences in critical limb ischemia due to peripheral arterial occlusive disease

Gender-related differences in critical limb ischemia due to peripheral arterial occlusive disease

Gender-Related Differences in Atherosclerosis

Reducing Stroke in Women with Risk Factor Management: Blood Pressure and Cholesterol

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