Sexism and Gender Discrimination in Pakistan's Mainstream News Media

Abstract

This research aims to examine how sexism and gender discrimination impacts women journalists in Pakistan. The International Federation of Journalists (2018-19) ranks Pakistan as the fourth most dangerous country for journalists. The Coalition for Women in Journalism declares Pakistan as the sixth-worst for female journalists (2019). In 2018, the Global Gender Gap Report highlighted Pakistan as second from bottom, ranking it 148 out of 149 countries. Given these numbers, the country is an ominous space for women in news media. This study collects the data from women journalists working in the three largest cities of Pakistan, that is, Karachi, Lahore, and Islamabad. The aim is to investigate the issues faced by female journalists due to discrimination at the workplace including glass ceiling, pay gap, and lack of female leadership. Following the mixed-method approach, around 102 women journalists were surveyed, and 10 were interviewed. Findings indicate the rampant existence of sexism in Pakistani media and its detrimental effects on the growth of a gender-balanced news media industry.

Development and Validation of Social Cynicism Scale for Women

“…& Hum. 31 (1): 221 -239 (2023) Faiz Younas, Nasreen Akhtar and Vicar Solomon institutional discrimination in the media industry, E. Hafeez and Zahid (2021) reported that women journalists face rampant sexism, a glass ceiling, a pay gap, and a lack of leadership positions. All these findings highlight that under a patriarchal system, all the social institutions interplay to create a discriminatory environment for women, which may lead to the development of SC.…”