We
address the problem of the quantitative prediction of micelle
formation in dilute aqueous solutions of ionic surfactants using sodium
dodecyl sulfate (SDS) as a model system through a computational approach
that involves three steps: (a) execution of coarse-grained simulations
based on the MARTINI force field (with slightly modified parameters
to afford the formation of large micelles); (b) reverse mapping of
the final self-assembled coarse-grained configuration into an all-atom
configuration; and (c) final relaxation of this all-atom configuration
through short-time (on the order of a few tens of nanoseconds), detailed
isothermal–isobaric molecular dynamics simulations using the
CHARMM36 force field. For a given concentration of the solution in
SDS molecules, the modified MARTINI-based coarse-grained simulations
lead to the formation of large micelles characterized by mean aggregation
numbers above the experimentally observed ones. However, by reintroducing
the detailed chemical structure through a strategy that solves a well-defined
geometric problem and re-equilibrating, these large micellar aggregates
quickly dissolve to smaller ones and equilibrate to sizes that perfectly
match the average micelle size measured experimentally at the given
surfactant concentration. From the all-atom molecular dynamics simulations,
we also deduce the surfactant diffusivity D
SDS and the zero-shear rate viscosity, η0, of the solution,
which are observed to compare very favorably with the few experimental
values that we were able to find in the literature.