Sheep and goat saliva proteome analysis: A useful tool for ingestive behavior research?

Abstract

Sheep and goats differ in diet selection, which may reflect different abilities to deal with the ingestion of plant secondary metabolites. Although saliva provides a basis for immediate oral information via sensory cues and also a mechanism for detoxification, our understanding of the role of saliva in the pre-gastric control of the intake of herbivores is rudimentary. Salivary proteins have important biological functions, but despite their significance, their expression patterns in sheep and goats have been little studied. Protein separation techniques coupled to mass spectrometry based techniques have been used to obtain an extensive comprehension of human saliva protein composition but far fewer studies have been undertaken on animals' saliva. We used twodimensional electrophoresis gel analysis to compare sheep and goats parotid saliva proteome. Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) were used to identify proteins. From a total of 260 sheep and 205 goat saliva protein spots, 117 and 106 were identified, respectively. A high proportion of serum proteins were found in both salivary protein profiles. Major differences between the two species were detected for proteins within the range of 25-35 kDa. This study presents the parotid saliva proteome of sheep and goat and highlights the potential of proteomics for investigation relating to intake behavior research.

Proteomic Analysis of a 14.2 kDa Protein Isolated from Bali Cattle(Bos Sondaicus/Javanicus)Saliva Using Single Dimension Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate-Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis and Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Time-of-Flight Tandem Mass Spectrometer

“…These methods had been used for proteomic analysis with satisfactory results (Garcia et al, 2005;Schipper et al, 2007;Lamy et al, 2009;Lisitsa et al, 2010;Petushkova et al, 2012). The information reported in this study is expected to provide additional information about salivary proteome in cattle, as well as to explore the uniqueness of Bali cattle as the native cattle of Indonesia.…”

“…Studies on saliva have been conducted much more on human saliva, while they have just recently begun to develop on ruminants (Beauchemin et al, 2008;Lamy et al, 2009Lamy et al, , 2010Wheeler et al, 1998Wheeler et al, , 2002Wheeler et al, , 2007Wheeler et al, , 2011Lamy and Mau, 2012). There are many different types of proteins in the ruminant saliva with quite a large range of molecular mass reported elsewhere (Lamy et al, 2009).…”

“…There are many different types of proteins in the ruminant saliva with quite a large range of molecular mass reported elsewhere (Lamy et al, 2009). However, the saliva proteome information in cattle (bovine), especially in Bali cattle (Bos sondaicus/javanicus) is still limited.…”

Proteomics and sequence analysis of a 30-kDa saliva protein of Indonesian local goat (Capra hircus) using MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS and related techniques

“…In the last few years, research on salivary proteomics in ruminants has increased, including that in goats (Capra) and sheep (Ovis) (6)(7)(8)(9). Several proteins contained in ruminant saliva have been identified, although many still remain a mystery and are classified as 'predicted' proteins.…”

The Use of Electrophoresis for the Study of Saliva Involvement in Ingestive Behavior

“…Several studies, in animals and humans, present evidences that saliva is involved in eating behaviour [e.g. [2][3][4][5]]. The link between saliva composition and oral perception is increasingly reported.…”