Short Communication: Antioxidant capacity in the intestinal mucosa of weanling piglets fed diets containingFusariummycotoxins and the efficacy of commercial supplements sold as detoxifiers

Abstract

Le Thanh, B. V., Lessard, M., Chorfi, Y. and Guay, F. 2015. Short Communication: Antioxidant capacity in the intestinal mucosa of weanling piglets fed diets containing Fusarium mycotoxins and the efficacy of commercial supplements sold as detoxifiers. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 95: 569–575. The ability of commercial feed additives to prevent oxidative damage due to deoxynivalenol (DON) in piglets was studied. Sixty piglets (6.0±0.5 kg) were assigned randomly to six wheat–corn–soybean diets: control (<0.5 mg kg−1 DON), DON-rich diet (4 mg kg−1 DON), and four DON-rich diets supplemented with either glucomannan (DON+GLUC), yeast, live bacteria, enzymes and plant extract (DON+YBP), aluminosilicate (DON+ALS), or a mixture of preservatives (DON+PV). Malondialdehyde concentration (MDA), glutathione peroxidase activity (GPx), catalase activity (CAT) and superoxide dismutase activity (SOD) in the small intestine were measured after 14 d. The DON-rich diet increased MDA in the jejunum while decreasing CAT in the jejunum and SOD in the ileum and increasing GPx in the ileum (P<0.05). The DON+GLUC diet decreased GPx and SOD (P<0.05) and tended to decrease MDA in the jejunum (P<0.10). The DON+YBP, DON+PV and DON+ALS diets all decreased CAT in the jejunum, while DON+YBP and DON+PV also did so in the ileum (P<0.05). DON+GLUC decreased SOD in the jejunum, while DON+YBP increased it (P<0.05). In the ileum, DON+PV decreased SOD, while DON+ALS increased GPx (P<0.05). No significant differences in total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in intestinal tissues were found. This study demonstrates that the mycotoxin DON and anti-mycotoxin additives modify oxidative status, including the antioxidant enzyme activities (CAT, SOD or GPx) in the intestinal mucosa of piglets. However, it was not possible to identify a specific antioxidant enzyme involved in counteracting the effect of DON.

Use of Yeast Cell Wall Extract for Growing Pigs Consuming Feed Contaminated with Mycotoxins below or above Regulatory Guidelines: A Meta-Analysis with Meta-Regression

“…For example, in diets naturally contaminated with Fusarium mycotoxins, YCWE indirectly helped maintain the brain neurochemistry of the pig through a limited increase in brain serotonin and hydroxyindolacetic acid, which in turn prevented a Fusarium-associated reduction in feed intake and lethargies [75]. Furthermore, pigs consuming YCWE during mycotoxin challenges were shown to have lower oxidative stress levels [33,76], stronger immunoglobulin status [33,39], and fewer negative impacts of mycotoxins on intestinal tract morphology [13,41]. Additionally, research that investigated the gut microbiome indicated that YCWE could play a role in reducing pathogenic bacteria while preserving commensal microbial diversity in the gastrointestinal tract across various animal and fish species [33,77].…”