Sialic acid and biology of life: An introduction

Ghosh, Shyamasree

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-816126-5.00001-9

Cited by 56 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 378 publications

(326 reference statements)

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“…Total SA in serum samples was determined by the standard Ehrlich's method, a colorimetric assay, using standard reagents and chemicals with an analytical grade, which were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich; Merck KGaA. According to this method, the supernatant of serum containing SA chemically reacted with the Ehrlich's reagent and produced a colorimetric reaction that was quantitatively measured using a spectrophotometer (2). This procedure is based on the release of bound SA by heating with 5% perchloric acid.…”

Section: Variation Of Total Serum Sialic Acid Concentration In Postmementioning

confidence: 99%

“…SA serves an important role in the interaction, communication and signaling between cells, cell aggregation, immune response, reproduction, tissue development and regeneration, and also in human diseases, including in the infection process, tumor growth and metastasis (2). At the surface of animal cells and microorganisms there is a dense and complex array of glycans, mostly attached to proteins and lipids, which mediate specific roles in health and disease (3,4).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Variation of total serum sialic acid concentration in postmenopausal women

Olaru

Constantin²,

Peña³

2020

Exp Ther Med

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Given its location and ubiquitous distribution, sialic acid can mediate or modulate a wide variety of physiological and pathological processes; however, there is scarce data regarding the associations between sialic acid serum levels and sex, age and menopause. The present study evaluated the age-related changes in serum sialic acid (SA) levels in 97 elderly subjects, including men and postmenopausal women. A significant increase in serum levels of sialic acid in postmenopausal women and a significant decrease in men were observed in an age-dependent manner. Furthermore, in postmenopausal women, positive correlations were observed between the total serum sialic acid level and age in all decades and subgroups. The total serum concentration of sialic acid in the postmenopausal women group exhibited a particular pattern; significantly lower levels were observed in subjects in the intermediate postmenopausal period compared with those in the first decade of post menopause and then higher levels again as the women get older (late climax), thus the concentration increased according to the age of the individual.

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Section: Variation Of Total Serum Sialic Acid Concentration In Postmementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variation of total serum sialic acid concentration in postmenopausal women

Olaru

Constantin²,

Peña³

2020

Exp Ther Med

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“…It is known that such changes may affect the interactions between cells as well as between cells (especially cell membranes) and ions or molecules in their environment. As a result, they can cause cell function disorders and promote disease development [31][32][33].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Differential Effect of Cannabidiol on the Composition and Physicochemical Properties of Keratinocyte and Fibroblast Membranes from Psoriatic Patients and Healthy People

Szachowicz-Petelska

Łuczaj

Wroński³

et al. 2021

Membranes

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The development of psoriasis is accompanied by oxidative stress, which can modify the components of skin cells. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of cannabidiol (CBD), an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory phytocannabinoid, on the composition and physicochemical properties of the membranes of healthy and psoriatic keratinocytes and fibroblasts exposed to ultraviolet A (UVA) and ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation. In psoriasis-altered cells, decreased levels of the main groups of phospholipids and increased levels of sialic acid and malondialdehyde (MDA), a lipid peroxidation product, as well as negative charge of cell membranes compared to non-diseased cells, were found. On the other hand, UVA/B radiation increased the levels of phospholipids and MDA in both groups of cells. Moreover, psoriatic cells were characterized by lower levels of sialic acid and negative charge of cell membranes, while non-diseased cells showed the opposite response. The CBD treatment intensified some of the changes (phospholipid content and membrane charge) caused by the radiation of psoriatic cells, while it prevented these changes in the cells of healthy people. The results of this study indicate that CBD can prevent structural and functional changes to the membranes of healthy skin cells during phototherapy for psoriasis.

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“…Besides, a Ganglioside GM2 activator, previously reported in the PSGs of O. vulgaris, was identified in the proteinGroup 1045 (Table S4) [22]. Gangliosides are sialylated glycolipids that act as receptors for pathogenic bacterial infection on the gut epithelial cell [74].…”

Section: Leading Proteins Found With Homology To Venom Protein Familiesmentioning

confidence: 90%

Putative Antimicrobial Peptides of the Posterior Salivary Glands from the Cephalopod Octopus vulgaris Revealed by Exploring a Composite Protein Database

et al. 2020

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Cephalopods, successful predators, can use a mixture of substances to subdue their prey, becoming interesting sources of bioactive compounds. In addition to neurotoxins and enzymes, the presence of antimicrobial compounds has been reported. Recently, the transcriptome and the whole proteome of the Octopus vulgaris salivary apparatus were released, but the role of some compounds—e.g., histones, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), and toxins—remains unclear. Herein, we profiled the proteome of the posterior salivary glands (PSGs) of O. vulgaris using two sample preparation protocols combined with a shotgun-proteomics approach. Protein identification was performed against a composite database comprising data from the UniProtKB, all transcriptomes available from the cephalopods’ PSGs, and a comprehensive non-redundant AMPs database. Out of the 10,075 proteins clustered in 1868 protein groups, 90 clusters corresponded to venom protein toxin families. Additionally, we detected putative AMPs clustered with histones previously found as abundant proteins in the saliva of O. vulgaris. Some of these histones, such as H2A and H2B, are involved in systemic inflammatory responses and their antimicrobial effects have been demonstrated. These results not only confirm the production of enzymes and toxins by the O. vulgaris PSGs but also suggest their involvement in the first line of defense against microbes.

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Sialic acid and biology of life: An introduction

Cited by 56 publications

References 378 publications

Variation of total serum sialic acid concentration in postmenopausal women

Variation of total serum sialic acid concentration in postmenopausal women

The Differential Effect of Cannabidiol on the Composition and Physicochemical Properties of Keratinocyte and Fibroblast Membranes from Psoriatic Patients and Healthy People

Putative Antimicrobial Peptides of the Posterior Salivary Glands from the Cephalopod Octopus vulgaris Revealed by Exploring a Composite Protein Database

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