Signal attenuation in transmission lines

Abstract

Transmission lines are standard wave guiding structures used for data transmission in multi-point communications. Signal attenuation, signal integriq, and transmission loss associated with transmission lines are modeled and investigated in this paper. Performance of transmitting data in coaxial cables and in strip transmission lines are analyzed using an accurate and efficient Method of Moments (MOM) solution based on solving Maxwell's equations for the electromagnetic fields associated with wave guiding structures supporting data transmission in finite homogeneous and isotropic media. The analysis in this paper models attenuation losses, conductive losses, and dielectric losses for a coaxial cable and a Printed Circuit Board (PCB). The models show that transmission loss is mainly dominated by conductive losses in metals for frequencies up to 25 GHz and by dielectric losses at much higher frequencies.Results show that high attenuation prevents data transmission at much higher frequencies unless the transmission line is designed using low-loss dielectric materials in the dielectric medium and high conductive material in the metals.

Robust $H_{\infty}$ Filtering for Time-Delay Systems With Probabilistic Sensor Faults

“…Theorem 2: For the time-varying nonlinear system (1)- (4), an filter of the form (5) can be designed such that the filtering error system (6) is asymptotically mean-square stable with norm constraints (7) fulfilled for all nonzero if, for a given scalar , there exist positive definite matrices , , , real matrices , , and real scalars , , such that the following LMI holds (10) where is a symmetric block-matrix with its entities being , , ,…”

“…For this purpose, we can minimize when solving the feasibility problem (10). With help from LMI ToolBox [1], we obtain the minimum disturbance attenuation level as , where is the sub-optimal solution of the corresponding convex optimization problem.…”

“…However, in many cases such as the signal transmission process in unreliable analog communication channel [10] and sensor gain variation under abnormal work conditions [14], the measurement may be stochastically distorted. Such kind of "stochastic sensor faults" cannot be simply described by 0 (completely missing) or 1 (completely normal).…”

Frequency response analysis of dielectric materials in a parallel-plate transmission line

“…In the research of Mechaik [18], the performance of coaxial cables and PCBs in transmitting data was evaluated using an accurate and efficient method of moments. particularly, the attenuation, dielectric, and conductive losses of such transmission lines were analyzed and modeled.…”

Modeling and simulation of packaging substrate effects on radio frequency integrated circuits

“…In either case, for high frequency devices, the substrate which the device is connected to can be a determining factor in final device performance. The improper design of a packaging substrate or PCB can increase the bit error rate (BER) of a system, cause reflections in lines, become a source of unwanted parasitics, and generally act to the system's detriment [1] [2]. Thorough simulation before fabrication can be used to reduce, eliminate, or offset these negative effects.…”