Silicon bioceramic loaded with vancomycin stimulates bone tissue regeneration

Abstract

Porous ceramics doped with silicon and pure β-TCP were analyzed in terms of internal microstructure, cell behavior, and the percentage of newly formed bone. Additionally the materials were tested to determine which of the two had better properties to load and release vancomycin hydrochloride. Internal pore distribution and porosity were determined through high pressure mercury porosimetry and the specific surface area was measured by the Brunauer Emmet-Teller method. The proliferation and viability of the human osteoblast-like cell line MG-63 was studied to validate both materials. The materials were tested on eight New Zealand rabbits which created defects, 10 mm in diameter, in the calvaria bone. After 8 and 12 weeks a histological and histomorphometric analysis was performed. Si-β-TCP showed a higher porosity and specific surface area. The cytocompatibility test revealed acceptable results in terms of proliferation and viability whereas the percentage of new bone was higher in Si-β-TCP with a two-time study being statistically significant with 12 weeks of healing (p < 0.05).The vancomycin loaded within the ceramic scaffolds were burst released and the material had the ability to inhibit bacterial growth. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 106B: 2307-2315, 2018.

Advances in reparative materials for infectious bone defects and their applications in maxillofacial regions

“…66 Thus far, various substances including antimicrobial and growth factors have been loaded via biomimetic inorganic materials for debridement and eliminating infections. 67 After resolving the issue of inflammation, combining inorganic materials with metals appears to be a promising approach for repairing bone defects. Zn-doped bone substitutes play a vital role in reparative maxillofacial applications.…”

“…66 Thus far, various substances including antimicrobial and growth factors have been loaded via biomimetic inorganic materials for debridement and eliminating infections. 67…”

Bioceramic-based scaffolds with antibacterial function for bone tissue engineering: A review

“…Glycopeptides drugs, such as vancomycin, are narrow-spectrum antibiotics that are exclusively effective against gram-positive bacteria, particularly sensitive to resistant S. aureus . Vancomycin, as an antibacterial agent loaded in scaffolds, has been widely used in bone implant-associated infections [ 47 , 48 ]. For instance, the authors of study [ 47 ] prepared vancomycin-loaded baghdadite (Ca 3 ZrSi 2 O 9 ) scaffolds with a pore size of 300–400 μm and a total porosity of 80–82% by a space holder method.…”

Engineering antibacterial shrinkage‐free trinary PLGA‐based GBR membrane for bone regeneration

“…However, the osteogenic property of PLGAbased scaffolds is rather limited, 2 and furthermore, in the electrospun PLGA scaffolds, the issue of shrinkage in humid environments and physiological temperature is also raised. 5 To prepare robust composite scaffolds for the bone tissue engineering, additives such as bioceramics and, in particular those doped with metal ions with the remarkable osteoinductivity (i.e., strontium, zinc, and calcium) are promising [10][11][12][13] In addition to a negligible inflammatory response (compared with most metals and polymers, 14 bioceramics are utilized in the composite scaffolds to enhance mechanical properties and to contribute to controlling biodegradability. 15,16 Furthermore, bioceramic additives not only help with obtaining a geometrically favorable scaffold, but also a biologically active substrate, and render the composite osteoinductive.…”