Silicon Photonic Crystal Modulators for High-Speed Transmission and Wavelength Division Multiplexing

Hinakura, Yosuke; Akiyama, Daichi; Ito, Hiroyuki; Baba, Toshihiko

doi:10.1109/jstqe.2020.3026957

Cited by 28 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Especially, based on the excellent high-frequency performance and modulation efficiency of the device, the improvement in signal transmission is impressive. A 64 Gb/s OOK signal and a 100 Gb/s PAM-4 are realized ( Figure 8 c), while a 4 × 50 Gb/s wavelength division multiplexing using an additional MUX chip is demonstrated ( Figure 8 d) [ 50 ]. Overall, the silicon photonic crystal modulator has the advantages of compact footprint, low cost, high speed, and wide working spectrum, demonstrating an important application prospect in the next-generation network.…”

Section: Silicon Photonic Crystal Modulatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…( b ) EO response of silicon photonic crystal modulator with the meander line electrodes [ 49 ]. ( c ) OOK eye diagrams of 50 Gb/s, 56 Gb/s, and 64 Gb/s and PAM4 eye diagrams of 28 Gbaud, 32 Gbaud, 40 Gbaud, and 50 Gbaud [ 50 ]. ( d ) Measurement results of WDM transmission experiment [ 50 ].…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…( c ) OOK eye diagrams of 50 Gb/s, 56 Gb/s, and 64 Gb/s and PAM4 eye diagrams of 28 Gbaud, 32 Gbaud, 40 Gbaud, and 50 Gbaud [ 50 ]. ( d ) Measurement results of WDM transmission experiment [ 50 ].…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

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Recent Progress in Silicon-Based Slow-Light Electro-Optic Modulators

et al. 2022

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As an important optoelectronic integration platform, silicon photonics has achieved significant progress in recent years, demonstrating the advantages on low power consumption, low cost, and complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS) compatibility. Among the different silicon photonics devices, the silicon electro-optic modulator is a key active component to implement the conversion of electric signal to optical signal. However, conventional silicon Mach–Zehnder modulators and silicon micro-ring modulators both have their own limitations, which will limit their use in future systems. For example, the conventional silicon Mach–Zehnder modulators are hindered by large footprint, while the silicon micro-ring modulators have narrow optical bandwidth and high temperature sensitivity. Therefore, developing a new structure for silicon modulators to improve the performance is a crucial research direction in silicon photonics. Meanwhile, slow-light effect is an important physical phenomenon that can reduce the group velocity of light. Applying slow-light effect on silicon modulators through photonics crystal and waveguide grating structures is an attractive research point, especially in the aspect of reducing the device footprint. In this paper, we review the recent progress of silicon-based slow-light electro-optic modulators towards future communication requirements. Beginning from the principle of slow-light effect, we summarize the research of silicon photonic crystal modulators and silicon waveguide grating modulators in detail. Simultaneously, the experimental results of representative silicon slow-light modulators are compared and analyzed. Finally, we discuss the existing challenges and development directions of silicon-based slow-light electro-optic modulators for the practical applications.

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Section: Silicon Photonic Crystal Modulatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

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Recent Progress in Silicon-Based Slow-Light Electro-Optic Modulators

et al. 2022

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“…On the other hand, reducing the device dimension is also critical for dense photonic integration (41,42). Although using resonant or slow-light effects (43,44) can markedly improve the modulation efficiency to enable compact size, it also brings a longer photon lifetime that may limit the bandwidth (45)(46)(47). Therefore, how to realize pure silicon modulators with ultrahigh bandwidth and compact footprint under CMOS-compatible manufacturing processes remains an important but elusive problem.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Slow-light silicon modulator with 110-GHz bandwidth

Han,

Zheng,

Shu

et al. 2023

Sci. Adv.

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Silicon modulators are key components to support the dense integration of electro-optic functional elements for various applications. Despite numerous advances in promoting the modulation speed, a bandwidth ceiling emerges in practices and becomes an obstacle toward Tbps-level throughput on a single chip. Here, we demonstrate a compact pure silicon modulator that shatters present bandwidth ceiling to 110 gigahertz. The proposed modulator is built on a cascade corrugated waveguide architecture, which gives rise to a slow-light effect. By comprehensively balancing a series of merits, the modulators can benefit from the slow light for better efficiency and compact size while remaining sufficiently high bandwidth. Consequently, we realize a 110-gigahertz modulator with 124-micrometer length, enabling 112 gigabits per second on-off keying operation. Our work proves that silicon modulators with 110 gigahertz are feasible, thus shedding light on its potentials in ultrahigh bandwidth applications such as optical interconnection and photonic machine learning.

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“…Compared to conventional Si MZ modulators, Si micro-ring modulators using a high-cavity resonator have been proposed which greatly reduce the footprint to <10 µm diameter [35][36][37][38]. Slow light-assisted Si modulators using a photonic crystal with more than 10 times smaller size have been demonstrated [39,40]. Surface plasmon-polariton-based modulators have been attracted taking advantage of the strong optical confinement [41].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterogeneously-Integrated Optical Phase Shifters for Next-Generation Modulators and Switches on a Silicon Photonics Platform: A Review

et al. 2021

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The realization of a silicon optical phase shifter marked a cornerstone for the development of silicon photonics, and it is expected that optical interconnects based on the technology relax the explosive datacom growth in data centers. High-performance silicon optical modulators and switches, integrated into a chip, play a very important role in optical transceivers, encoding electrical signals onto the light at high speed and routing the optical signals, respectively. The development of the devices is continuously required to meet the ever-increasing data traffic at higher performance and lower cost. Therefore, heterogeneous integration is one of the highly promising approaches, expected to enable high modulation efficiency, low loss, low power consumption, small device footprint, etc. Therefore, we review heterogeneously integrated optical modulators and switches for the next-generation silicon photonic platform.

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Silicon Photonic Crystal Modulators for High-Speed Transmission and Wavelength Division Multiplexing

Cited by 28 publications

References 26 publications

Recent Progress in Silicon-Based Slow-Light Electro-Optic Modulators

Recent Progress in Silicon-Based Slow-Light Electro-Optic Modulators

Slow-light silicon modulator with 110-GHz bandwidth

Heterogeneously-Integrated Optical Phase Shifters for Next-Generation Modulators and Switches on a Silicon Photonics Platform: A Review

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