Silver nanoparticles administered to chicken affect VEGFA and FGF2 gene expression in breast muscle and heart

Abstract

Nanoparticles of colloidal silver (AgNano) can influence gene expression. Concerning trials of AgNano application in poultry nutrition, it is useful to reveal whether they affect the expression of genes crucial for bird development. AgNano were administered to broiler chickens as a water solution in two concentrations (10 and 20 ppm). After dissection of the birds, breast muscles and hearts were collected. Gene expression of FGF2 and VEGFA on the mRNA and protein levels were evaluated using quantitative polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay methods. The results for gene expression in the breast muscle revealed changes on the mRNA level (FGF2 was up-regulated, P < 0.05) but not on the protein level. In the heart, 20 ppm of silver nanoparticles in drinking water increased the expression of VEGFA (P < 0.05), at the same time decreasing FGF2 expression both on the transcriptional and translational levels. Changes in the expression of these genes may lead to histological changes, but this needs to be proven using histological and immunohistochemical examination of tissues. In general, we showed that AgNano application in poultry feeding influences the expression of FGF2 and VEGFA genes on the mRNA and protein levels in growing chicken.

Effect of nanoclay minerals on growth performance, internal organs and blood biochemistry of broiler chickens compared to vaccines and antibiotics

“…However these are the major segments of the gastrointestinal tract (GI) that are responsible for the digestion and absorption of feed ingredients and nutrients, which may explain why the internal organs' measurements were used in this experiment. Recently published data indicated that Ag-nanoparticles affected gene expression for muscle growth directly or indirectly, fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and Na + /K + transporting ATPase (Hotowy et al 2012;Sawors et al 2013), which may explain the positive effect of nanoclay minerals used in the present experiment, as this clay contains several minerals in its composition such as Na + , K + and Ca ++ , which can enhance internal organs' percentage and increase BW and BWG obtained from our experiment but with nanoclay minerals. Mushtaq et al (2014) demonstrated that Na + , the principal cation of extracellular fluid, is involved in numerous functions including the regulation of acid base balance and the absorption of glucose and amino acids that also play a particular role in improving internal organs' percentage when it is transferred into nanoparticles.…”

Bio‐effect of nanoparticles in the cardiovascular system

“…They found that the NPs induced a reduction in myocardial contractility and augmented the internal diameter of left ventricle, accompanied by changes in the left ventricular internal diameter at the end of diastole (LVIDd), the left ventricular internal diameter at the end of systole (LVIDs), the ejection fraction (EF), the stroke volume (SV), and so forth. Another study on growing chickens indicated that 20 mg/L Ag NPs decreased the expression of fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) and increased the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) at both the mRNA and protein levels in the heart and breast muscle . Intriguingly, up‐regulated expression of FGF2 at the transcriptional and translational levels, and increased blood vessel size, cartilage collagen fibre lattice size and bundle thickness in the Ag NP‐treated chicken embryos were recently reported .…”

“…Another study on growing chickens indicated that 20 mg/L Ag NPs decreased the expression of fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) and increased the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) at both the mRNA and protein levels in the heart and breast muscle. 54 Intriguingly, up-regulated expression of FGF2 at the transcriptional and translational levels, and increased blood vessel size, cartilage collagen fibre lattice size and bundle thickness in the Ag NP-treated chicken embryos were recently reported. 55 FGF2 isoforms are essential in many cardiac pathological conditions, such as cardiac hypertrophy, ischemia-reperfusion injury and AS.…”

Effect of an Aqueous Nanosuspension of Clay Minerals on the Performance, Carcass Characteristics and Internal Organs of Broilers

“…Moreover, stated that nanoparticles have a surface area much larger than microparticles, and as the size of the nanoparticles decreases, the surface area for chemical reactions increases, (reactivity increases 1000 times) which may improve the digestion and absorption of the minerals, and result in the improved growth performance and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens [12]. Furthermore, in more recent studies and indicated that nanotechnology affected the expression of genes directly or indirectly responsible for muscle development and Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 (FGF2), which may also explain the improvement in carcass characteristics when an ANS of clay minerals are used [15,16]. In another recent study, reported that the potential applications of nanotechnology in potential and mechanism of nanotechnology in the broiler industry requires more research to gather sufficient knowledge in this field [4].…”