Simple renal cyst: relations to age and arterial blood pressure

Abstract

Simple renal cysts are increasingly common with increasing age, as is elevated arterial blood pressure. We studied the natural history of simple renal cysts, and their possible association with arterial hypertension. Renal sonography was performed in an age- and sex-stratified random sample of 686 healthy volunteers aged 30-70 years. Eleven examinations were excluded for various reasons. One or more renal cysts measuring 10-47 mm were found in 35 individuals. The prevalence of simple renal cysts was 5.2%, ranging from 0% at age 30 to 9.7% at age 70. From the cross-sectional data it is estimated that the average renal cyst needs about 10 years to reach 20 mm in size. Mean arterial blood pressure increased with age, and was significantly higher in individuals with cysts (p = 0.0055). Closer analysis showed that the association was confined to and even stronger (p = 0.00066) for individuals with at least one cyst < or = 20 mm. We assume that smaller cysts are more likely to be totally intraparenchymal, and therefore more able to create an internal hydrostatic pressure and thus to compress the surrounding renal tissue.

Acquired cystic kidney disease and arterial hypertension in hemodialysis patients

“…Later on various authors reported on patients with AH in whom the blood pressure became normal following operative removal or percutaneous aspiration of the cyst [3,24]. Only a few studies have established an association of simple renal cysts with AH in a larger number of patients [5,6]. Our previous study on 91 patients with normal renal function showed that AH was more frequent in patients with simple renal cysts [4]; the study revealed a significant correlation of simple renal cysts with age and AH, but the multiple regression method did not confirm any significant correlation between simple renal cysts and AH.…”

“…Individual clinical cases of AH in patients with simple renal cysts are described [3]. Some studies have established a connection between simple renal cysts and AH in a large number of patients with normal renal function [4][5][6].…”

Multilocular cystic renal neoplasm of low malignant potential: experience of N.N. Lopatkin Scientific Research Institute of Urology and Interventional Radiology

“…Так, средний возраст 32 больных МКПННЗП составил 48,56 года, тогда как среди 588 пациентов с ПКР -58,12 года. Проведенные исследования показали, что число случаев обнаружения простых кист почек уве-личивается с возрастом, а риск наличия МКПННЗП возрастает у более молодых больных с мультикистоз-ным поражением почек [12,13].…”

Abdominal visceral findings in patients with Marfan syndrome

“…In the general population, renal cysts are thought to be acquired lesions originating as diverticula on the distal tubules due to weakening of the basement membrane, more likely in older patients or those with previous urinary obstruction. 10,14,16 Hepatic cysts are thought to occur as a result of congenitally aberrant bile ducts, which are more prone to biliary stasis or obstruction, eventually resulting in dilation and cyst formation. 9,10 Marfan syndrome has long been characterized as a heritable disorder of connective tissue, and the discovery of its cause, mutations in the gene encoding the extracellular matrix protein fibrillin-1, seemingly supported that categorization.…”