Simulating Artificial 1D Physics with Ultra‐Cold Fermionic Atoms: Three Exemplary Themes

Abstract

For over twenty years, ultra‐cold atomic systems have formed an almost perfect arena for simulating different quantum many‐body phenomena and exposing their non‐obvious and very often counterintuitive features. Thanks to extremely precise controllability of different parameters they are able to capture different quantum properties which were previously recognized only as theoretical curiosities. Herein, the current experimental progress in exploring the curious 1D quantum world of fermions is traced from the perspective of three subjectively selected trends being currently under vigorous experimental validation: i) unconventional pairing in attractively interacting fermionic mixtures, ii) fermionic systems subjected to the artificial spin‐orbit coupling, iii) fermionic gases of atoms with high SU(N) symmetry of internal states.

Unconventional pairing in few-fermion systems at finite temperature

“…It is argued that systems with reduced dimensionality (particularly one-dimensional systems) may serve as a promising bypassing platforms for FFLO detection 20 – 27 . For recent reviews see 28 , 29 . The universal nature of such correlations in different number of spatial dimensions can be seen through the variety of physical systems that are studied.…”

Unconventional pairing in few-fermion systems at finite temperature

“…It is argued that systems with reduced dimensionality (particularly one-dimensional systems) may serve as a promising bypassing platforms for FFLO detection [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27]. For recent reviews see [28,29].…”

Spin-selective insulators in Bose-Fermi mixtures

“…The high degree of control over cold-atom setups has allowed experimentalists to generate asymmetries in the spin populations [67][68][69][70][71], making such systems ideal for observing the elusive unconventional pairing mechanism * jsilvav@unal.edu.co named after Fulde, Ferrell, Larkin, and Ovchinnikov (FFLO) [72,73]. However, the effect of spin population imbalance on Bose-Fermi mixtures has been barely explored.…”