Simulation of fire scenarios due to different vehicle types with and without traffic in a bi-directional road tunnel

Caliendo, Ciro; Ciambelli, Paolo; Guglielmo, Maria Luisa De; Meo, Maria Grazia; Russo, Paola

doi:10.1016/j.tust.2013.03.004

Cited by 49 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Since road tunnels are in a closed environment which hinders the dissipation of smoke and 4 heat, they hamper rescue operations by firefighters and make it difficult to ensure safe escape route of the tunnel users (Mashimo, 2002;Caliendo et al, 2013). Thus, tunnel emergency evacuation is another hot research topic.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors affecting the severity of traffic accidents at Shanghai river-crossing tunnel

Lü

Xing

Wang

et al. 2015

Traffic Injury Prevention

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors affecting the severity of traffic accidents at Shanghai river-crossing tunnel

Lü

Xing

Wang

et al. 2015

Traffic Injury Prevention

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“…Due to fire catastrophes in tunnels [18][19][20] caused by vehicle crashes [21] much attention was paid to fire accidents. Even though fire crashes are less frequent than traffic accidents the potential for a catastrophe is much higher in these cases [5,20,[22][23][24][25][26][27]. Furthermore the geometry of tunnel lay-bys and tunnel portals received attention [18].…”

Section: Accident Yearmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the Effectiveness of Different Safety Measures at Tunnel Lay-Bys and Portals to Protect Occupants in Passenger Cars

et al. 2021

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Tunnel portals and tunnel lay-bys are hazardous spots for road users. Different infrastructure safety measures are in use, but the protection level is not known. In this study the following safety measures for reducing the injury risk are investigated: angular positioned 4 m and 8 m concrete barrier, crash cushion Alpina F1-50 and Alpina <prototype> crash cushion. A passenger car equipped with a data acquisition unit is accelerated to 100 km/h and impacts the safety measure. The assessment of the latter is based on the EN 1317 criteria, specifically the Acceleration Severity Index (ASI), Theoretical Head Impact Velocity (THIV). Further assessment criteria are related to intrusions into the passenger compartment and post-crash motion. The best result in terms of ASI and THIV was achieved by the 8 m (ASI: 1.6, THIV: 30 km/h) concrete barrier. The crash cushion Alpina <prototype> showed good results for the ASI (1.8) but the THIV (57 km/h) was less satisfactory, while the angular positioned 4 m concrete barrier (ASI: 2.9, THIV: 53 km/h) and the crash cushion Alpina F1-50 (ASI: 3.3, THIV: 74 km/h) performed worst. Even though some of the measures showed good results, no protection measure tested currently complies with all the assessment criteria used.

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“…Numerical study was conducted by Hua [17] to investigate the smoke control strategies for a designed sudden-onset fire scenario in the Beijing Center Business District (CBD). Caliendo [18] presented a model to simulate the effects of sudden fire disaster due to different vehicle types in a bi-directional road tunnel. A set of full-scale experiments was conducted by Yu [19] to study thermal and smoke control strategies using transverse ventilation system in a sloping urban traffic link tunnel and the results showed that it was not the case: the slower the smoke spread longitudinally, the better the smoke being controlled.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Traffic Flow Catastrophe Border Identification for Urban High-density Area Based on Cusp Catastrophe Theory: A Case Study under Sudden Fire Disaster

Lin¹,

Yu²,

Wu³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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For traffic management under sudden disaster in high-density areas, the first and foremost step is to prevent traffic congestion in the disaster-affected area by traffic flow control, as to provide enough and flexible traffic capacity for emergency evacuation and emergency rescue. Catastrophe border identification is the foundation and the key to traffic congestion prediction under sudden disaster. This paper uses a mathematical model to study the regional traffic flow in the high-density area under sudden fire disaster based on the Cusp Catastrophe Theory (CCT). The catastrophe border is identified by fitting the CCT-based regional traffic flow model to explore the stable traffic flow changing to the instable state, as to provide a theoretical basis for traffic flow manage and control in disaster-affected areas, and to prevent the traffic flow being caught into disorder and congestion. Based on VISSIM simulator data by building simulation scenarios with and without sudden fire disaster in a Sudoku traffic network, the catastrophe border is identified as 439pcu/lane/h, 529pcu/lane/h, 377pcu/lane/h at 5s, 10s, 15s data collection interval respectively. The corresponding relative precision, which compares to the method of Capacity Assessment Approach (CAA), is 89.1%, 92.7% and 76.5% respectively. It means that 10s data collection interval would be the suitable data collection interval in catastrophe border identification and regional traffic flow control in high-density area under sudden fire disaster.

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Simulation of fire scenarios due to different vehicle types with and without traffic in a bi-directional road tunnel

Cited by 49 publications

References 18 publications

Risk factors affecting the severity of traffic accidents at Shanghai river-crossing tunnel

Risk factors affecting the severity of traffic accidents at Shanghai river-crossing tunnel

Assessment of the Effectiveness of Different Safety Measures at Tunnel Lay-Bys and Portals to Protect Occupants in Passenger Cars

Traffic Flow Catastrophe Border Identification for Urban High-density Area Based on Cusp Catastrophe Theory: A Case Study under Sudden Fire Disaster

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