Simultaneidade de fatores de risco para doenças crônicas não transmissíveis entre idosos da zona urbana de Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil

Abstract

This study aimed to describe the simultaneity of risk factors for chronic non-communicable diseases among the elderly (≤ 60 years) in a city in Southern Brazil. This was a cross-sectional, population-based study of 1,451 elderly in 2013. Cluster analysis was applied to selected risk factors (smoking, alcohol consumption, excess weight, and physical inactivity). Logistic regression was used to assess the association between simultaneity of risk factors and socio-demographic variables. The most frequent cluster in men (18.1%) and women (30.7%) was physical inactivity + excess weight. The cluster alcohol consumption + excess weight exceeded the expected level in men (O/E = 1.27; 95%CI: 1.01; 1.59) and women (O/E = 1.72; 95%CI: 1.35; 2.20). The presence of two or more risk factors in the elderly population (88.1%) points to the need for specific interventions for this population to fight risk factors simultaneously rather than separately.

Prevalência e simultaneidade de fatores de risco cardiovasculares em idosos participantes de um estudo de base populacional no sul do Brasil

“…Among women, the most prevalent factor was insufficient physical activity during leisure time (73.4%) and for men it was insufficient intake of FVC (67.2%), in addition to alcohol abuse (32.5%) and smoking (11.9%) that had a higher prevalence. These results were similar to other studies with the elderly population, in which women had a higher prevalence of physical inactivity 14,16,24 , which may explain the higher rates of abdominal obesity and being overweight 14,16,21,22,24 . Men had a higher prevalence of alcohol consumption [14][15][16]21,24 and smoking 15,21,22 .…”

“…In this study, the most prevalent CVRF was insufficient physical activity during leisure time (69.1%), with a difference between the sexes. In most studies conducted with the elderly, there was a lower percentage of low levels of physical activity, ranging between 37.6 and 60.1% [14][15][16]21,24 . Among women, the most prevalent factor was insufficient physical activity during leisure time (73.4%) and for men it was insufficient intake of FVC (67.2%), in addition to alcohol abuse (32.5%) and smoking (11.9%) that had a higher prevalence.…”

“…An analysis of clusters was performed in order to evaluate concurrency between FRCV according to previous studies 24,33 . Cluster studies are recommended because the combination of behaviors does not demonstrate a linear and constant increase in CVD risk.…”

“…In Brazil, few studies 14,16,[19][20][21][22][23][24] have sought to explore the overlapping nature of cardiovascular risk factors in the elderly population, and not all of them are population-based. There is no consensus in their findings with regard to the sociodemographic profile that is more likely to accumulate these factors.…”

Comportamientos de riesgo para la salud en hombres mayores brasileños viudos

“…En 2010, Brasil tenía alrededor de ocho millones de viudos, lo que representa el 4% de la población, es decir, a medida que la población envejece, el número de viudos aumenta (1,2) . Además, otro cambio se ha relacionado con el perfil de morbilidad y mortalidad en el país, con el protagonismo de las enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles (ECNT) (3,4,5) . La mayoría de estas enfermedades se relacionan con comportamientos de salud, como la inactividad física en el tiempo libre; el consumo irregular de frutas, verduras y legumbres; el tabaquismo; y el abuso del alcohol.…”