Simultaneous determination of cyanobacterial hepato-and neurotoxins in water samples by ion-pair supported enrichment and HPLC-ESI-MS-MS

Pietsch, Jörg; Fichtner, S.; Imhof, Lutz; Schmidt, W.; Brauch, Heinz‐Jürgen

doi:10.1007/bf02492680

Cited by 41 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…For a quick assessment of the problem, an LC‐MS/MS method was set out to be established for MC‐LR analysis with a water sample preparation protocol to achieve a very high sensitivity for monitoring purposes. There have been a number of analytical methods for MC‐LR reported in the literature including LC‐UV,12, 13 LC‐MS,14–16 LC‐MS/MS12, 17 and ELISA 18. The method established and described in this report had the lowest detection limit (2 pg on column) compared with those of others found in the literature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 80%

An enhanced LC‐MS/MS method for microcystin‐LR in lake water

Chu

Hsieh

2006

J. Mass Spectrom.

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A LC-MS/MS method with enhanced sensitivity and specificity was established for monitoring microcystin-LR (MC-LR) in drinking water supplies in southern Taiwan. The enhanced sensitivity was achieved by the selection of a doubly charged MC-LR as the precursor ion to result in an multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) pair ions of m/z 498.6 --> 135.0. Using this ion pair, a record low detection limit of 2 pg was achieved on column, found in the available literature. A sample preparation method involving C8 solid-phase extraction gave satisfactory recoveries of the analyte. Nodularin, with structural similarity to MC-LR, was used as an internal standard to minimize matrix effects of water samples collected from six different water reservoirs in southern Taiwan, where MC-LR was detected at sub-ppb levels in all the reservoirs. The best precision and accuracy of this method were found with samples prepared to contain MC-LR at 0.1 and 1 microg l(-1). This new method requires considerably smaller water sample volumes because of enhanced quantification sensitivity and hence reduces the time needed for analysis. It should serve as a useful example for method development for monitoring other members of the microcystin family in drinking water supplies.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 80%

An enhanced LC‐MS/MS method for microcystin‐LR in lake water

Chu

Hsieh

2006

J. Mass Spectrom.

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“…However, the peak shapes were not satisfactory, showing increased broadening and tailing compared to the other toxins. It is possible that an adjustment of mobile phase, pH or buffer might help the peak shape but many RPLC methods for the analysis of this class of cyanotoxins have been reported in literature [26,27,[35][36][37]. These methods, using a variety of reversed-phase columns and aqueous mobile phases commonly added of volatile buffers, appear to offer advantages of robustness and better chromatographic performance for the large range of microcystins.…”

Section: Development Of Hilic-ms Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The LC-MS methods that have been reported for cyanotoxins are usually based on reversed-phase liquid chromatography (RPLC) separations [24][25][26][27]. However, the wide range of structures and charge states of most cyanobacterial toxins make it difficult to resolve all of the toxins in one analysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of cyanobacterial toxins by hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry

Dell’Aversano

Eaglesham

Quilliam

2004

Journal of Chromatography A

159

102

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“…The concept of the so-called bioresponselinked instrumental analysis includes a real combination of biomolecular recognition elements, and high-resolution instrumental analysis, which greatly relies on mass spec- trometric techniques [156]. This concept could be realized in particular by immunoaffinity extraction of steroid estrogens coupled with LC-ESI-MS [77]. A further logical step would be the direct determination of the receptorbound analyte by high-resolution mass spectrometry.…”

Section: Chemical Analysis and Toxicity Bioassaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Octadecyl (C 18 )-bonded silica has been the most widely used adsorbent, although polymeric sorbents (like styrene divinylbenzene copolymers) and graphitized carbon black (GCB) have also been employed. Applications range from estrogens (C 18 -material [68]; GCB [69,70]), drugs [71,72], over surfactants (C 18 -material [73]; GCB [74]), and pesticides [75], to algal and cyanobacterial toxins [76,77].…”

Section: Adsorptive Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

LC-MS analysis in the aquatic environment and in water treatment ? a critical review

Zwiener

Frimmel

2004

Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry

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LC-MS has become an invaluable technique for trace analysis of polar compounds in aqueous samples of the environment and in water treatment. LC-MS is of particular importance due to the impetus it has provided for research into the occurrence and fate of polar contaminants, and of their even more polar transformation products. Mass spectrometric detection and identification is most widely used in combination with sample preconcentration, chromatographic separation and atmospheric pressure ionization (API). The focus of the first part of this review is directed particularly toward instruments and method development with respect to their applications for detecting emerging contaminants, microorganisms and humic substances (HS). The current status and future perspectives of 1) mass analyzers, 2) ionization techniques to interface liquid chromatography (LC) with mass spectrometry (MS), 3) methods for preconcentration and separation with respect to their application for water analysis are discussed and examples of applications are given. Quadrupole and ion trap mass analyzers with electrospray ionization (ESI) and atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) are already applied in routine analysis. Time-of-flight (TOF) mass spectrometers are of particular interest for accurate mass measurements for identification of unknowns. For non-polar compounds, different ionization approaches have been described, such as atmospheric pressure photoionization (APPI), electrochemistry with ESI, or electron capture ionization with APCI. In sample preconcentration and separation, solid phase extraction (SPE) with different non-selective sorbent materials and HPLC on reversed-phase materials (RP-HPLC) play the dominant role. In addition, various on-line and miniaturized approaches for sample extraction and sample introduction into the MS have been used. Ion chromatography (IC), size-exclusion chromatography (SEC), and capillary electrophoresis (CE) are alternative separation techniques. Furthermore, the issues of compound identification, matrix effects on quantitation, development of mass spectral libraries and the topic of connecting analysis and toxicity bioassays are addressed.

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Simultaneous determination of cyanobacterial hepato-and neurotoxins in water samples by ion-pair supported enrichment and HPLC-ESI-MS-MS

Cited by 41 publications

References 35 publications

An enhanced LC‐MS/MS method for microcystin‐LR in lake water

An enhanced LC‐MS/MS method for microcystin‐LR in lake water

Analysis of cyanobacterial toxins by hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry

LC-MS analysis in the aquatic environment and in water treatment ? a critical review

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