Single Oral Administration of Anthocyanin Rescues Smoking-Induced Endothelial Dysfunction in Young Smokers but Facilitates Oxidative Stress in Non-Smokers

Abstract

Objectives: Smoking causes endothelial dysfunction, but it still remains unclear whether oral administration of anthocyanin brings benefits to endothelial function and redox states in young healthy smokers. We tested the hypothesis that supplement anthocyanin may rescue endothelial dysfunction and redox states in young healthy smokers. Methods: Young healthy male non-smoker (n = 8) and smokers (n = 14) were enrolled to measure the derivatives of reactive oxygen metabolites (d-ROMs) and biological antioxidant potential (BAP) levels and brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD) before and 2 hours after one cigarette smoking or resting under administration of blackcurrant supplements (anthocyanins 210 mg) or not. Results: FMD, d-ROMs, and BAP at baseline were similar between non-smokers and smokers. One cigarette smoking induced a decrease in FMD at 2 hours (9.0% ± 2.6% vs 7.5% ± 2.3%, p < 0.05) without affecting plasma levels of d-ROMs and BAP in young healthy smokers. Single oral administration of anthocyanin at 210 mg abolished smoking-induced decrease in FMD (8.3% ± 3.4% vs 9.5% ± 3.6%, p = ns) without changes in plasma levels of d-ROMs and BAP in young smokers. In non-smokers, however, administration of anthocyanin at 210 mg slightly but significantly elevated plasma level of d-ROMs at 2 hours (249.6 ± 30.3 vs How to cite this paper: Yoshizaki, A., Tomisawa, T., Osanai, T., Nanashima, N., Kitajima, M., Mikami, K., Fujita, T., Maeda, H. and Kato, Y. (2018)

Effects of Blackcurrant Anthocyanin on Endothelial Function and Peripheral Temperature in Young Smokers

“…However, in this study, complementing vitamin E tended to ameliorate endothelial functions in healthy nonsmokers as well as smokers, thereby blunting the beneficial effect of anthocyanin. It is important to avoid excess intake of polyphenol in healthy nonsmokers because excess polyphenol overtaxes their bodies [35]. In the present study, we showed that smoking impaired endothelial function acutely in healthy young persons, indicating the importance of prohibiting smoking in young individuals.…”

Hypocholesterolemic Effect of Blackcurrant (Ribes nigrum) Extract in Healthy Female Subjects: A Pilot Study

“…The BCE powder, Active Cassis, a dietary supplement, was purchased from Just The Berries Limited, Palmerston North, New Zealand. One hundred grams of the powder consists of 35.0 g of total anthocyanins, 13.6 mg of carbohydrates, 0.5 g of fats, and 0.1 g of proteins, and yields 1650 kilojoules (394 Kcal) of energy [ 38 ]. A total of 230 mg BCE was filled in opaque hard capsules.…”