Single-phase ferritic solidification mode in austenitic-ferritic stainless steel welds

Suutala, N.; Takalo, T.; Moisio, T.

doi:10.1007/bf02811664

Cited by 90 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…[4][5][6][7] Moreover, it is suggested that these properties are related to the crystallographic relationships between d and g. The crystallographic relationships during welds have been evaluated by a number of authors. [8][9][10][11][12][13][14] Inoue et al [11][12][13][14] analyzed the crystallographic relationships between d and g with EBSPs (Electron Back Scattering Patterns) in weld metals of various solidification modes. They showed that the ͗100͘ direction of ferrite and ͗100͘ direction of austenite were parallel to each other and lay along the preferable growth direction, in the cases of primary austenite solidification with eutectic-d and primary ferrite solidification with a vermicular structure of d. On the other hand, Inoue et al also showed that the austenite had the Kurdjumov-Sachs (K-S) relationship with ferrite, in the cases of primary ferrite solidification with lacy-d and ferrite single-phase solidification with acicular-d or Widmanstätten-g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crystallographic Relationships between .DELTA.-Ferrite and .GAMMA.-Austenite during Unidirectional Solidification of Fe-Cr-Ni Alloys.

et al. 2000

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The crystallographic orientation relationships between d-ferrite and g-austenite during unidirectional solidification of Fe-Cr-Ni alloys have been evaluated with EBSPs (Electron Back Scattering Patterns). The preferred orientation relationship between d and g agrees with the Kurdjumov-Sachs (K-S) relationship in both rod and lamellar eutectic structures obtained by Bridgman experiments. It is thought that the preferred relationship is developed by nucleation of secondary phase. The orientation relationship between primary gdendrites and primary d-dendrites during dissimilar alloy welding (primary g to d-dendrites) by a laser experiment also agrees with the K-S relationship. The transition from primary g to d-dendrites is thought to be controlled by heterogeneous nucleation of ferrite at the growing g-dendrite front. It is suggested that the nucleation also plays an important role in the microstructure formation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crystallographic Relationships between .DELTA.-Ferrite and .GAMMA.-Austenite during Unidirectional Solidification of Fe-Cr-Ni Alloys.

et al. 2000

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“…Afim de prever o modo de solidificação dos aços inoxidáveis através das expressões de cromo e niquel equivalentes propostas por O. Hammar e Svensson [6,10], Suutala e Moisio [11] rearranjaram os resultados obtidos em diversos trabalhos [5,7,[12][13][14][15][16] com diferentes velocidades de solidificação. Quando a relação Creq/Nieq <1,5 a solidificação poderá ser austenítica (modo I) ou austenítica-ferrítica (modo II).…”

Section: Efeito Dos Gases De Proteção Na Microestrutura E Nas Cinéticunclassified

Efeito Dos Gases De Proteção Na Microestrutura E Nas Cinéticas De Oxidação a Altas Temperaturas Ao Ar De Juntas Soldadas De Um Aço Inoxidável Austenítico Através Do Processo Mig/Mag

Vicente¹,

Cabral²,

Espinosa³

et al. 2017

Tecnologia Em Metalurgia Materiais E Mineração

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ResumoForam estudadas as microestruturas e as cinéticas de oxidação a altas temperaturas ao ar de quatro juntas soldadas de um aço inoxidável austenítico produzidas através do processo MIG/MAG com diferentes gases de proteção. Utilizou-se o metal de adição 22.12.HT e diferentes gases de proteção: 100% Ar, Ar + 2% CO 2 , Ar +4% CO 2 e Ar + 20% CO 2 . Para cada mistura gasosa, foi soldado um corpo de prova. Estudou-se a variação das frações volumétricas de ferrita delta em função dos diferentes gases de proteção utilizados. Observou-se aumento no teor de carbono e consequente diminuição das frações volumétricas de ferrita delta, diminuições significativas nos teores de Cr, Si e Mn em relação à composição química do consumível de soldagem e consequente diminuição da resistência à oxidação a altas temperaturas ao ar dos metais depositados com gases de proteção com maiores concentrações de CO 2 . Palavras-chave: Aços inoxidáveis; Gases de proteção; Fração volumétrica; Oxidação a altas temperaturas; MIG/MAG. EFFECT OF SHIELDING GAS IN MICROSTRUCTURE AND KINECTICS OF HIGH TEMPERATURE OXIDATION IN AIR OF WELDED JOINTS OF AN AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEEL THROUGH THE MIG/MAG PROCESS AbstractThe microstructures and the high temperature oxidation kinectics in air of four welded joints of austenitic stainless steel produced by the MIG/MAG process with different shielding gases were studied. Were used the welding wire 22.12. HT, and different shielding gases: 100% Ar, Ar + 2% CO 2 , Ar +4% CO 2 and Ar + 20% CO 2 . For each gas mixture was welded a specimen. The variation of the volume fractions of delta ferrite according to the different shielding gases used, were studied. There was an increase in carbon content and decreasing of volume fraction of delta ferrite, a decrease in Cr, Si and Mn content when compared with the chemical composition of the welding wire decreasing the high temperature oxidation resistance in air of weld metals deposited with shielding gases with higher concentrations of CO 2 . Keywords: Stainless steels; Shielding gases; Volume fraction; High temperature oxidation; MIG/MAG. INTRODUÇÃOAlém do ferro, cromo e níquel, os aços inoxidáveis têm em sua composição outros elementos químicos que podem estabilizar a ferrita e a austenita. Levando em conta os seus efeitos ferritizantes e austenitizantes, Schaeffler [1] agrupou estes elementos em duas expressões denominadas de cromo equivalente e níquel equivalente, respectivamente e propôs um diagrama que é apresentado na Figura 1. O diagrama de Schaeffler não é um diagrama de equilíbrio. Ele foi determinado experimentalmente com o objetivo de prever-se o teor de ferrita delta em soldas de aços inoxidáveis.Além das expressões de cromo equivalente (Creq=%Cr+%Mo+1,5%Si+0,5%Nb) e de níquel

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“…showed that in the Creq./Nieq. range from 1.4 to 1.6, ferrite existed in the form of either vermicular or lacy ferrite, evidencing solidification in the FA mode 6) , and when the ratio was 1.7 or more, it existed in the form of acicular ferrite, evidencing solidification in the F mode 7) . Generally speaking, toughness is higher in FA mode solidification (less amount of ferrite) than in F mode 8) , but some alloy systems in to satisfy the quality targets, and following the guidelines, developed the FCAW welding wire.…”

Section: Guidelines For Development Of New Stainless Steel Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

Welding Consumables for High-Corrosion-Resistant Stainless Steel for Chemical Cargo Tankers

Mizumoto

Inoue²,

Matsuhashi³

et al. 2009

QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE JAPAN WELDING SOCIETY

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Single-phase ferritic solidification mode in austenitic-ferritic stainless steel welds

Cited by 90 publications

References 4 publications

Crystallographic Relationships between .DELTA.-Ferrite and .GAMMA.-Austenite during Unidirectional Solidification of Fe-Cr-Ni Alloys.

Crystallographic Relationships between .DELTA.-Ferrite and .GAMMA.-Austenite during Unidirectional Solidification of Fe-Cr-Ni Alloys.

Efeito Dos Gases De Proteção Na Microestrutura E Nas Cinéticas De Oxidação a Altas Temperaturas Ao Ar De Juntas Soldadas De Um Aço Inoxidável Austenítico Através Do Processo Mig/Mag

Welding Consumables for High-Corrosion-Resistant Stainless Steel for Chemical Cargo Tankers

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