Single‐Wall Carbon Nanotubes as Integrative Building Blocks for Solar‐Energy Conversion

Guldi, Dirk M.; Rahman, Gul; Prato, Maurizio; Jux, Norbert; Qin, Shuqi; Ford, Warren T.

doi:10.1002/anie.200462416

Cited by 242 publications

(144 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…6-13 For photovoltaics, appropriate molecular design is frequently assisted by supramolecular assembly into the desired active layer structure. Control over functionality and morphology can thus be achieved, for example by introducing a redox gradient for optimal light and charge funnelling, [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] or by devising an organized BHJ. [22][23][24] Dyads or triads consisting of a conjugated oligomer with 2-5 repeat units, such as oligothiophene or oligo(p-phenylene vinylene), attached to a fullerene derivative have been reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrafast spectroscopic investigation of a fullerene poly(3-hexylthiophene) dyad

et al. 2011

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We present the femtosecond spectroscopic investigation of a covalently linked dyad, PCB-P3HT, formed by a segment of the conjugated polymer P3HT (regioregular poly(3-hexylthiophene) that is end-capped with the fullerene derivative PCB ([6,6]-phenyl-C 61 -butyric acid ester), adapted from PCBM. The fluorescence of the P3HT segment in tetrahydrofuran (THF) solution is reduced by 64% in the dyad compared to a control compound without attached fullerene (P3HT-OH). Fluorescence upconversion measurements reveal that the partial fluorescence quenching of PCB-P3HT in THF is multiphasic and occurs on an average time scale of 100 ps, in parallel to excited-state relaxation processes. Judging from ultrafast transient absorption experiments, the origin of the quenching is excitation energy transfer from the P3HT donor to the PCB acceptor. Due to the much higher solubility of P3HT compared to PCB in THF, the PCB-P3HT dyad molecules self-assemble into micelles. When pure C 60 is added to the solution, it is incorporated into the fullerene-rich center of the micelles. This dramatically increases the solubility of C 60 , but does not lead to significant additional quenching of the P3HT fluorescence by the C 60 contained in the micelles. In PCB-P3HT thin films drop-cast from THF, the micelle structure is conserved. In contrast to solution, quantitative and ultrafast (<150 fs) charge separation occurs in the solid-state films and leads to the formation of long-lived mobile charge carriers with characteristic transient absorption signatures similar to those that have been observed in P3HT:PCBM bulk heterojunction blends. While π-stacking interactions between neighboring P3HT chains are weak in the micelles, they are strong in thin films drop-cast from ortho-dichlorobenzene (DCB). Here, PCB-P3HT self-assembles into a network of long fibers, clearly seen in AFM images.Ultrafast charge separation occurs also for the fibrous morphology, but the transient absorption experiments show fast loss of part of the charge carriers due to intensity-induced 2 recombination/annihilation processes and monomolecular interfacial trap-mediated or geminate recombination. The yield of the long-lived charge carriers in the highly organized fibers is however comparable to that obtained with annealed P3HT:PCBM blends. PCB-P3HT can therefore be considered as an active material in organic photovoltaic devices.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrafast spectroscopic investigation of a fullerene poly(3-hexylthiophene) dyad

et al. 2011

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“…Early attempts at using CNTs as acceptors with porphyrins resulted in monochromatic (435 nm) IPCE values of 8.5%. 396 Subsequently, cadmium sulphide (CdS) nanoparticles were covalently attached to CNTs, and the photoelectrochemical behavior of the resulting system showed an internal quantum efficiency of 25%. The photocurrent improved with increasing CNT content, which led to the conclusion that the CNTs were acting as efficient charge separation and transport sites.…”

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confidence: 99%

Carbon nanomaterials for electronics, optoelectronics, photovoltaics, and sensing

et al. 2013

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In the last three decades, zero-dimensional, one-dimensional, and two-dimensional carbon nanomaterials (i.e., fullerenes, carbon nanotubes, and graphene, respectively) have attracted significant attention from the scientific community due to their unique electronic, optical, thermal, mechanical, and chemical properties. While early work showed that these properties could enable high performance in selected applications, issues surrounding structural inhomogeneity and imprecise assembly have impeded robust and reliable implementation of carbon nanomaterials in widespread technologies. However, with recent advances in synthesis, sorting, and assembly techniques, carbon nanomaterials are experiencing renewed interest as the 2 basis of numerous scalable technologies. Here, we present an extensive review of carbon nanomaterials in electronic, optoelectronic, photovoltaic, and sensing devices with a particular focus on the latest examples based on the highest purity samples. Specific attention is devoted to each class of carbon nanomaterial, thereby allowing comparative analysis of the suitability of fullerenes, carbon nanotubes, and graphene for each application area. In this manner, this article will provide guidance to future application developers and also articulate the remaining research challenges confronting this field.Deep Jariwala is currently working as a graduate student under supervision of Prof. Mark

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“…15,16 Non-covalent interaction between porphyrin and carbon nanotube, 17,18 porphyrin and fullerene [19][20][21] have already been investigated. Porphyrin/carbon nanotube hybrids have established their ability to serve as the active layer in solar cell 22 or light harvesting system. 18 Porphyrin/fullerene showed high photocurrent generation efficiency.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Photoinduced Electron Transfer System by Graphene Oxide Non-covalently Linked Porphyrin Antennae in Water

et al. 2015

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Non-covalent interacting porphyrin/Graphene Oxide (GO) nanohybrids were formed in water and confirmed by TEM, Raman, FT-IR, XRD, UV-vis and fluorescence spectroscopy. The binding constant between porphyrin and GO is 2.38 × 10 3 L mol −1 calculated by Benesi-Hildebrand equation based on absorbance plot, which confirmed a robust porphyrin/GO nanohybrid formation. Fluorescence of porphyrin was effectively quenched by GO indicated the efficient photoinduced electron transfer (PET) from porphyrin moieties to GO, which porphyrin acts as energy absorbing and electron transferring antennae and GO serves as an efficient electron acceptor of the system. The photoelectrical response measurements of porphyrin/GO nanohybrid showed a rapid and reversible on/off photovoltage and photocurrent by the alternative white light. The PET from porphyrin to GO is energetically favorable deduced by calculating free Gibbs energy. Non-covalent porphyrin/GO nanohybrid may be used as photovoltaic conversion materials for photoelectronic applications.

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Single‐Wall Carbon Nanotubes as Integrative Building Blocks for Solar‐Energy Conversion

Cited by 242 publications

References 39 publications

Ultrafast spectroscopic investigation of a fullerene poly(3-hexylthiophene) dyad

Ultrafast spectroscopic investigation of a fullerene poly(3-hexylthiophene) dyad

Carbon nanomaterials for electronics, optoelectronics, photovoltaics, and sensing

A Photoinduced Electron Transfer System by Graphene Oxide Non-covalently Linked Porphyrin Antennae in Water

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