Sintering and electrical properties of commercial PZT powders modified through mechanochemical activation

One-step synthesis of lead zirconate titanate particles using a solid-state reaction method

“…Furthermore, perovskite piezoelectric materials have widely been used in transducer devices, where high constants are essential for device performances [ 1 ]. Lead zirconate titanate Pb(Zr,Ti)O 3 (PZT) is also known to be one of the most applied materials in electromechanical devices, such as an ultrasonic transducer active element, due to their excellent piezoelectricity properties [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ]. This was observed in a recent study, which reported that the piezoelectricity properties were applied as a piezocatalytic application, for the degradation of various environmental pollutants [ 6 ].…”

“…Several methods have been developed in recent years to synthesize nanocrystalline PZT ceramics, such as mechanochemical, chemical, and physical techniques [ 3 , 4 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ]. However, the mechanochemical methods involve an energy-intensive milling and a long duration of approximately 80 h, facilitated by a high-energy planetary ball mill [ 16 ].…”

Preface

“…Peinecke et al [37] and Romero and Huot [38] analyze the effect of high-energy milling in the hydrogen absorption-desorption properties of, respectively, a metal hydride Na 3 AlH 6 and a TiFe alloy, both doped with different additives. Finally, the last group of papers deals with the milling effect in the characteristics and properties of different materials with potential technological applications including antifungal calcium zinc hydroxide dihydrate [39], the sintering of commercial PZT powders [40] and the activation of natural zeolite powders [41] as well as for the recovery of Co and Li, from spent lithium ion batteries [42] and aluminum from natural pyrophyllite ore [43].…”

Projeto e fabricação de calotas semiesféricas piezocerâmicas para aplicação em hidrofones

“…Consequentemente, a moagem pode produzir um pó muito reativo e fácil de sinterizar. Especificamente, tem sido reportado que a temperatura de sinterização do PZT pode ser reduzida pela redução do tamanho de partículas através de moagem (MAIWA et al, 2005;OCHIAI et al, 2008;XIAO et al, 2018). No entanto, a moagem altera significativamente o formato, tamanho e distribuição das partículas do pó, alterando o processo de prensagem e usinagem.…”