Sintering quality of clay materials

Phase composition of heat-insulating materials prepared from carbon-containing wastes

“…The following materials were used as mineral fillers and combustible additives (40 wt % in mixtures) [4][5][6][7][8]:…”

“…The cristobalite content decreases the mechanical strength of products, and the formation of cristobalite from amorphous silica, which was released because of mullitization, causes the permeability of the products [11,[13][14][15]. In connection with this, it is necessary to develop methods for regulating the phase formation processes that occur on the kilning of ceramic prod ucts.…”

Properties of structural insulation ceramic materials from a mixture of intershale clay and anthracite flotation wastes

“…The use of anthracite flotation wastes makes it pos sible to solve two important problems: the production of high quality structural insulation materials from waste products and the utilization of industrial wastes [1][2][3].…”

“…The anthracite flotation waste is waste coal as dark gray powder in a dried state or plastic mass in a moist state with a particle size distribution from 0.005 to 1 mm; the concentration of small fractions (<0.315 mm) is greater than 50%) [4]. The anthracite flotation waste from the Obukhovskaya coal cleaning plant is low sulfur material.…”

“…The anthracite flotation waste from the Obukhovskaya coal cleaning plant is low sulfur material. The coal component content can be as high as 40%, and the mineral matter mainly consists of hydromica, quartz, feldspar, and mica [4,5]. The organic matter of anthracite flotation wastes mainly consists of anthracite; because of this, the amount of volatile components in them is small and they are non flammable and burn with a short flame (the kilning temperature of ceramic products should be no lower than 1050°C).…”