Sjögren's syndrome: An update and overview

Infections and non‐neoplastic diseases of the oral mucosa

“…The human disease, Sjogren's syndrome, is remarkably similar to the lymphoproliferative aspect of the spontaneous autoimmune disease in New Zealand Black/New Zealand White hybrid mice, including the development of extrasalivary gland lymphoid infiltrates with lymph node hyperplasia and the ultimate development of B-cell lymphomas (Kessler 1968, Greenspan et al 1974b, Greenspan et al 1974c). It has recently been shown (Kassan & Gardy 1978) that there is a 44-fold increased risk of the development of malignant lymphoma in Sjogren's syndrome patients as compared with controls, and this risk factor is increased by an additional factor of 32 when the Sjogren's syndrome lesions have been subjected to therapeutic irradiation. Interestingly, the same study showed an increased risk factor (from 2-7) in Sjogren's syndrome patients for the development of basal cell carcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma of the skin.…”

Küttner's tumor: Unusual presentation with bilateral involvement of the lacrimal and submandibular glands

“…The epimyoepithelial islands are formed by hyperplasia of the lining and myoepithelial cells in the ducts, with a gradual cicatricial change of the glands. Mikulicz's disease is a bilateral enlargement of the lacrimal and salivary glands resulting from lymphoid infiltration and the formation of epimyoepithelial islands [12]. KT can be distinguished from lymphoepithelial lesion by a lack of epimyoepithelial islands and a greater predominance of fibrosis.…”

Benign lymphoepithelial lesion in a patient with Sjögren's disease and an IgG paraprotein

“…Although the exocrine pancreas is frequently affected in Sjogren's disease (Kassan & Gardy 1978) the prevalence of diabetes mellitus is not greater than that observed in the normal population (Whaley et al 1973). The presence of these two conditions in our patient can therefore be considered coincidental.…”

“…The association between BLL of salivary glands and Sjogren's disease is well documented (Morgan & Castleman 1953, Grage & Lober 1964, Sprinkle & Yarrington 1968. However, some patients with Sjogren's disease appear predisposed to the development of malignant lymphoma (Bloch et al 1965, Hornbaker et al 1966, Mellors 1966, Talal et al 1967, Cummings et al 1971, and Kassan and Gardy (1978) calculated that the relative risk of such patients developing non-Hodgkins' lymphoma is 44 times greater than in the normal population. Most reported lymphomas have occurred at extra-salivary sites, although recently a number of reports document intra-salivary gland lymphomas developing in parotid glands affected by BLL or Sjogren's disease (Azzopardi & Evans 1971, Gravanis & Giansanti 1970, Seligman et al 1974, Nime et al 1976, Zulman et al 1978.…”