Skeletal muscle-specific HMG-CoA reductase knockout mice exhibit rhabdomyolysis: A model for statin-induced myopathy

Antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic activities of Forsythia suspensa (Thunb.) Vahl (fruit) in streptozotocin-induced diabetes mice

“…HMG-CoA reductase (HMGCR) is the rate-limiting enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of HMG-CoA to CoA and mevalonic acid (MVA) in the de novo synthesis of cholesterol (Goldstein and Brown, 1990;Osaki et al, 2015). In vitro assay shows that EAF inhibited HMG-CoA reductase activity.…”

Cooperative role of the glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor and β3‐adrenergic‐mediated signalling on fat mass reduction through the downregulation of PKA/AKT/AMPK signalling in the adipose tissue and muscle of rats

“…Our results indicated that the reduced levels of VLDL and triglycerides in plasma after the co‐administration of CL316243 and liraglutide were accompanied by an enhancement of the gene expression levels of key actors of the regulation of genes related to de novo lipogenesis and triglyceride deposition ( Insig1 and Srebp1 ), as well as to cholesterol synthesis and accumulation ( Insig2 , Srebp2 and Hmgcr ) in muscle. The upregulation of cholesterol synthesis linked to GLP‐1R and β3‐AR co‐activation could be of interest regarding the side effects of cholesterol‐reducing drugs on myopathy, such as the HMGCR inhibitor statins, in skeletal muscle . By contrast, liraglutide or CL316243 decreased the gene expression levels of Srebp1 , Srebp2 and Hmgcr in BAT and the liver, suggesting the downregulation of triglyceride and cholesterol storage in these tissues.…”

Effects of an Enriched Extract of Paeoniflorin, a Monoterpene Glycoside used in Chinese Herbal Medicine, on Cholesterol Metabolism in a Hyperlipidemic Rat Model

“…The enzyme 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutharyl-coenzyme A reductase (HMG-CoAR) is one of the most important enzymes involved in cholesterol biosynthesis in organisms and is the rate-limiting enzyme that synthesizes cholesterol via mevalonic acid (MVA) [15]. When reduction of cholesterol synthesis occurs, cells begin to consume stored cholesterol, there is an increase in the number of low-density lipoprotein receptors (LDLR) resulting in a decrease in levels of total cholesterol (TC) and LDL-C, as well as influencing other lipid metabolic processes, with LDLR playing a vital role in the endocytosis of cholesterol [16].…”