SKRINING FITOKIMIA DAN UJI TOKSISITAS EKSTRAK DAUN PECUT KUDA (Stachytarpheta jamaicensis L. Vahl) TERHADAP LARVA UDANG Artemia salina Leach

Abstract

Phytochemical screening and Brine Shrimp lethality test of pecut kuda leaf extract had been done against Artemia salina Leach. The aims of this study is to screen potentially bioactive extract of pecut kuda leaf as an effort ti find out the chemical substances responsible for the toxic effect. The Pecut kuda leaves (Stachytarpheta jamaicensis, L. Vahl) was extracted by methanol 80 percent, then partitioned successively with hexane, chloroform, and ethyl acetate. Phytochemical screening was done according to Ciulei method (1984). The toxicity effect was tested against A. salina, L (Brine Shrimp Test). The result of phytochemical screening known that compounds in the extract of pecut kuda leaves (S. jamaicensis, L. Vahl), hexane fraction contained of sterol and triterpenes; where the chloroform fraction contained of saponin, sterol, and triterpenes; further more the ethyl acetate fraction contained flavonoid, tannin, saponin, sterol, dan triterpenes. The result of the study shows that several fractions of extract of pecut kuda leaves (S. jamaicensis) hexane fraction, chloroform, and ethyl acetate was toxic because it was able to kill more than 50 percent larva of A. salina, L at the concentration less than 1000 ppm. The LC50 of all fractions of pecut kuda leaves extract (S. jamaicensis, L. Vahl) were shown from the most toxic to the lowest were as followed: LC50 of hexane fraction = 98.33 ppm, of chloroform raction LC50 = 204.17 ppm, and of ethyl acetate fraction LC50 = 249.80 ppm. Finally results of the TLC profile showed that all fraction (hexane, chloroform, and ethyl acetate) indicated that the pecut kuda leaves extract (S. jamaicensis) contained terpenoid compound.

The potency of gadung (Dioscorea hispida Dennst.) tuber as a functional food: Toxicity, phytochemical content and starch characters

“…Therefore, when methanol extract of three accessions yam tubers were tested with BSLT, the extract did not toxic to the larvae of shrimp Artemia salina Leach. The leaf extract containing terpenoid was toxic to larvae of A. salina Leach [11]. Terpenoid is also known as one class of chemical compounds in the plant extracts which have anticancer and antioxidant activity [12].…”

UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK ETANOL, ETIL ASETAT DAN PETROLEUM ETER RAMBUT JAGUNG MANIS (Zea mays ssaccarata Strurt) TERHADAP BAKTERI Staphylococcus Aureus DAN Escherichia coli

“…Larutan dibagi menjadi dua tabung, dimana tabung I ditambahkan 0,5 mL reagen Dragendorff, sedangkan tabung II ditambahkan 2-3 tetes reagen Mayer. Jika tabung I terbentuk endapan berwarna jingga dan pada tabung II terbentuk endapan berwarna kekuningkuningan, menunjukkan adanya alkaloid (Indrayani, Soedjipto, & Sihasale, 2006). …”

“…Setelah itu, ditambahkan serbuk Mg dan 0,5 mL HCl pekat. Adanya flavonoid ditunjukkan dengan terbentuknya larutan berwarna merah atau jingga (Indrayani,et al, 2006).…”

Uji Toksisitas Senyawa Bioaktif Tumbuhan Polohi Wasu (Begonia sp.) terhadap Larva Udang (Artemia salina Leach)

“…Pembuatan larutan uji dilakukan dengan menimbang 50 mg cuplikan yang akan diuji dan dilarutkan kedalam 50 mL aquades, sehingga menghasilkan larutan dengan konsentrasi 1000 ppm (Indrayani, et al, 2006). Setelah itu diambil 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0,5 mL larutan cuplikan kemudian simpan ke dalam botol uji.…”

“…Podofilotoksin adalah suatu metabolit sekunder yang diisolasi dari tumbuhan Podophylum peltatum dan digunakan sebagai obat antikanker yang mampu memberikan LC50 sebesar 2,40μg/ml pada BSLT (Meyer et al, 1982). dalam Indrayani et al, 2006).…”