Skyrmion-electronics: writing, deleting, reading and processing magnetic skyrmions toward spintronic applications

Zhang, Xichao; Zhou, Yan; Song, Kyung; Park, Tae‐Eon; Xia, Jingbo; Ezawa, Motohiko; Liu, Xiaoxi; Zhao, Weisheng; Zhao, Guoping; Woo, Seung Han

doi:10.1088/1361-648x/ab5488

Cited by 389 publications

(322 citation statements)

References 355 publications

(782 reference statements)

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“…where m represents the normalized spin, h eff = −δH/δm is the effective field, t is the time, α is the Gilbert damping parameter, and γ 0 is the absolute gyromagnetic ratio. As for the spin-orbit torques, which can be generated by harnessing the spin Hall effect of a heavy metal substrate [3,4,6,7,9,10,31,32,85], we consider here both the damping-like torque τ 1 and field-like torque τ 2 , given as…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Static and dynamic properties of bimerons in a frustrated ferromagnetic monolayer

et al. 2020

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Magnetic bimeron is a topological counterpart of skyrmions in in-plane magnets, which can be used as spintronic information carrier. We report the static properties of bimerons with different topological structures in a frustrated ferromagnetic monolayer, where the bimeron structure is characterized by the vorticity Qv and helicity η. It is found that the bimeron energy increases with Qv, and the energy of an isolated bimeron with Qv = ±1 depends on η. We also report the dynamics of frustrated bimerons driven by the spin-orbit torques, which depend on the strength of the damping-like and field-like torques. We find that the isolated bimeron with Qv = ±1 can be driven into linear or elliptical motion when the spin polarization is perpendicular to the easy axis. We numerically reveal the damping dependence of the bimeron Hall angle driven by the damping-like torque. Besides, the isolated bimeron with Qv = ±1 can be driven into rotation by the damping-like torque when the spin polarization is parallel to the easy axis. The rotation frequency is proportional to the driving current density. In addition, we numerically demonstrate the possibility of creating a bimeron state with a higher or lower topological charge by the current-driven collision and merging of bimeron states with different Qv. Our results could be useful for understanding the bimeron physics in frustrated magnets.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Static and dynamic properties of bimerons in a frustrated ferromagnetic monolayer

et al. 2020

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“…The last decade witnessed a rapid increase in our understanding about magnetic skyrmions [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] . These spin textures are topologicallyprotected, and can be effectively manipulated by spin currents 8,9 or electric field 10,11 , thus may serve as an ideal information carriers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bimeron clusters in chiral antiferromagnets

Shen

Bai

et al. 2020

npj Comput Mater

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A magnetic bimeron is an in-plane topological counterpart of a magnetic skyrmion. Despite the topological equivalence, their statics and dynamics could be distinct, making them attractive from the perspectives of both physics and spintronic applications. In this work, we demonstrate the stabilization of bimeron solitons and clusters in the antiferromagnetic (AFM) thin film with interfacial Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction (DMI). Bimerons demonstrate high current-driven mobility as generic AFM solitons, while featuring anisotropic and relativistic dynamics excited by currents with in-plane and out-of-plane polarizations, respectively. Moreover, these spin textures can absorb other bimeron solitons or clusters along the translational direction to acquire a wide range of Néel topological numbers. The clustering involves the rearrangement of topological structures, and gives rise to remarkable changes in static and dynamical properties. The merits of AFM bimeron clusters reveal a potential path to unify multibit data creation, transmission, storage, and even topology-based computation within the same material system, and may stimulate spintronic devices enabling innovative paradigms of data manipulations.

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“…However, to date, the simultaneous existence of two different soliton phases, such as tubular skyrmions and chiral bobbers, has only been shown in B20-type FeGe single crystalline materials 27 and in FeGe grown on Si(111) substrates by molecular beam epitaxy 32 at low temperatures, thus hindering the efficacy for future applications. Although they show very interesting physics, such single crystalline systems restrict the choice of materials for additional layers needed in devices for example to provide spin-orbit torque, an exchange field or simply for electrons used for applying currents or measuring the skyrmion induced Hall signals 33 .…”

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confidence: 99%

Coexistence of distinct skyrmion phases observed in hybrid ferromagnetic/ferrimagnetic multilayers

et al. 2020

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Materials hosting magnetic skyrmions at room temperature could enable compact and energetically-efficient storage such as racetrack memories, where information is coded by the presence/absence of skyrmions forming a moving chain through the device. The skyrmion Hall effect leading to their annihilation at the racetrack edges can be suppressed, for example, by antiferromagnetically-coupled skyrmions. However, avoiding modifications of the inter-skyrmion distances remains challenging. As a solution, a chain of bits could also be encoded by two different solitons, such as a skyrmion and a chiral bobber, with the limitation that it has solely been realized in B20-type materials at low temperatures. Here, we demonstrate that a hybrid ferro/ferri/ferromagnetic multilayer system can host two distinct skyrmion phases at room temperature, namely tubular and partial skyrmions. Furthermore, the tubular skyrmion can be converted into a partial skyrmion. Such systems may serve as a platform for designing memory applications using distinct skyrmion types.

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Skyrmion-electronics: writing, deleting, reading and processing magnetic skyrmions toward spintronic applications

Cited by 389 publications

References 355 publications

Static and dynamic properties of bimerons in a frustrated ferromagnetic monolayer

Static and dynamic properties of bimerons in a frustrated ferromagnetic monolayer

Bimeron clusters in chiral antiferromagnets

Coexistence of distinct skyrmion phases observed in hybrid ferromagnetic/ferrimagnetic multilayers

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