Sleep Loss and the Socio-Emotional Brain

Ben-Simon, Eti; Vallat, Raphaël; Barnes, Christopher M.; Walker, Matthew P.

doi:10.1016/j.tics.2020.02.003

Cited by 153 publications

(117 citation statements)

References 152 publications

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“…This shift in the sleep habits was associated with impaired well-being in our study ( Figure 1 C, Table 1 ). This result is consistent with longitudinal, transversal or experimental studies revealing that reduced or disrupted sleep is a risk factor for depression and anxiety [ 23 ]. Changes in the duration or timing of light exposure, the lack of PA, and absence or disruptions of socioprofessional synchronizers have the potential to desynchronize circadian rhythms, affect mood [ 24 ], and finally contribute to the impairment of well-being.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

The importance of sleep and physical activity on well-being during COVID-19 lockdown: reunion island as a case study

Chouchou¹,

Augustini²,

Caderby³

et al. 2021

Sleep Medicine

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Background Lockdown has been one of the major worldwide strategies to control the spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Its consequences on the well-being of individuals needs to be better understood. The objective of this work was to evaluate the impact of lockdown on the well-being of a general population and the factors associated with this potential impairment of well-being in a population that has been only lightly affected by COVID-19 such as in Reunion island, an overseas French department. Methods An online survey was proposed to the population of Reunion Island between the 35 th and 54 th days of lockdown relative to pre- and per-lockdown periods. Well-being was measured by the 5-item World Health Organization Well-Being Index, with some questions about sleep habits (Pittsburgh questionnaire), weekly physical activity (IPAQ), health, and lifestyle. Results Four hundred volunteers answered the survey. They reported a 15.7% decrease in well-being (p<0.001), accompanied by increased anxiety (p<0.001), decreased weekly physical activity (p<0.001), delayed and poorer quality sleep (p<0.001). Multivariate logistical analysis showed that impairment in well-being during lockdown was independently associated with an increase in anxiety (odds ratio (OR): 4.77 (3.26–6.98), p<0.001), decrease in weekly physical activity (OR: 0.58 (0.43–0.79), p<0.001), and poor-quality sleep (OR: 0.29 (0.19–0.43), p<0.001). Conclusions This study suggested an impairment in well-being during lockdown, associated with anxiety, lack of physical activity and sleep disruptions. Public policies must consider these factors as levers for improving the well-being of the population in order to effectively combat the spread of COVID-19.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

The importance of sleep and physical activity on well-being during COVID-19 lockdown: reunion island as a case study

Chouchou¹,

Augustini²,

Caderby³

et al. 2021

Sleep Medicine

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“…The outbreak of the pandemic and the extreme circumstances produced by the confinement seem to have had a profound negative impact on subjective sleep quality, and sleep problems consistently correlated with impaired psychological functioning 3,14,18,60 . Our findings based on the prospective assessment of sleep quality and mental health indices corroborate these previous results as well as the well-established role of sleep in emotional adaptation 22,25,61 . Furthermore, our data indicate that sleep disruption was associated with rumination, psychotic-like experiences and somatic complaints over and above the influence of psychopathological traits (PTSD-like symptoms and cognitive disorganization) as well as inter-and intra-individual variations in daily mood.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Although a bidirectional relationship between sleep and daytime functioning seems plausible 61 , future studies and meta-analyses should corroborate if associations are present in both directions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…At variance with subjective sleep quality, we did not observe similar links between sleep duration and psychological functioning. Whereas sleep deprivation and sleep restriction have been consistently associated with increased negative affect 61 , pain sensitivity 62 , and psychotic-like phenomena 20,63 , links between individual differences in sleep duration and negative health outcomes have only been reported in much larger samples and specifically in the case of extremely short and long sleep durations 64,65 . Moreover, studies suggest that home confinement provided more freedom to schedule bed-and wake-up times leading to an increase in the time spent in bed 18,66 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Home confinement during the COVID-19: day-to-day associations of sleep quality with rumination, psychotic-like experiences and somatic symptoms

Simor¹,

Polner²,

Bathori³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, populations from many countries have been confined at home for extended periods of time in stressful environmental and media conditions. Cross-sectional studies already evidenced deleterious psychological consequences, with poor sleep as a risk factor for impaired mental health. However, limitations of cross-sectional assessments are response bias tendencies, and the inability to track daily fluctuations in specific subjective experiences in extended confinement conditions. In a prospective study conducted across three European countries, we queried participants (N = 166) twice a day through an online interface about their sleep quality and their negative psychological experiences for two consecutive weeks. Focus was set on between-and within-person associations of subjective sleep quality with daytime experiences such as rumination, psychotic-like experiences, and somatic complaints about the typical symptoms of the coronavirus. Results show that daily reports of country-specific COVID-19 deaths predicted increased negative mood, psychotic-like experiences and somatic complaints during the same day, and decreased subjective sleep quality the following night. Disrupted sleep was globally associated with negative psychological outcomes during the study period, and a relatively poorer night of sleep predicted increased rumination, psychotic-like experiences, and somatic complaints the following day. This temporal association was unidirectional since daytime reports of negative mental experiences were not associated with poor sleep quality on the following night. Our findings show that night-to-night changes in sleep quality predict how individuals cope the next day with daily challenges induced by home confinement

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“…Yet, what may cause a failure of this emotionregulation system and the consequent generation of undesired behavioral responses still remains largely unclear. Interestingly, sleep loss due to restriction or deprivation is known to significantly impair the ability to regulate emotional responses and affective states (Krause et al, 2017;Ben Simon et al, 2020a, 2020b, and these changes have been suggested to depend on an altered top-down control of the medial frontal cortex on limbic structures (Yoo et al, 2007). However, the actual functional cause of this frontal impairment and whether it may also explain emotion regulation failures observed in (apparently) rested wakefulness is unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emotion suppression failures are associated with local increases in sleep-like activity

Avvenuti

Bertelloni

Lettieri

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Emotion self-regulation relies both on cognitive and behavioral strategies implemented to modulate the subjective experience and/or the behavioral expression of a given emotion. While it is known that a network encompassing fronto-cingulate and parietal brain areas is engaged during successful emotion regulation, the functional mechanisms underlying failures in emotion suppression are still unclear. In order to investigate this issue, we analyzed video and high-density EEG recordings of nineteen healthy adult subjects during an emotion suppression (ES) and a free expression (FE) task performed on two consecutive days. Changes in facial expression during ES, but not FE, were preceded by local increases in sleep-like activity (1-4Hz) in in brain areas responsible for emotional suppression, including bilateral anterior insula and anterior cingulate cortex, and in right middle/inferior frontal gyrus (p<0.05, corrected). Moreover, shorter sleep duration the night prior to the ES experiment correlated with the number of behavioral errors (p=0.01) and tended to be associated with higher frontal sleep-like activity during emotion suppression failures (p=0.05). These results indicate that local sleep-like activity may represent the cause of emotion suppression failures in humans, and may offer a functional explanation for previous observations linking lack of sleep, changes in frontal activity and emotional dysregulation.

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Sleep Loss and the Socio-Emotional Brain

Cited by 153 publications

References 152 publications

The importance of sleep and physical activity on well-being during COVID-19 lockdown: reunion island as a case study

The importance of sleep and physical activity on well-being during COVID-19 lockdown: reunion island as a case study

Home confinement during the COVID-19: day-to-day associations of sleep quality with rumination, psychotic-like experiences and somatic symptoms

Emotion suppression failures are associated with local increases in sleep-like activity

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