Smooth ZnO:Al-AgNWs Composite Electrode for Flexible Organic Light-Emitting Device

Wang, Hu; Li, Kun; Tao, Ye; Li, Jun; Li, Ye; Gao, Le; Jin, Guangyong; Duan, Yu

doi:10.1186/s11671-017-1841-2

Cited by 29 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Besides, without any addition of extra conductive polymer layers, the AgNW‐based electrode is sufficiently robust to maintain its initial sheet resistance even if nearly 130% strain occurred. A nanocomposite TCE combining of AgNW network and aluminum‐doped zinc oxide (ZnO: Al, AZO) by atomic layer deposition (ALD) was reported as well by Gao and co‐workers The AgNWs/AZO composite electrode on flexible substrate exhibits a low sheet resistance of 8.6 Ω sq −1 and a high transmittance of 83%. These properties could match the traditional ITO anode on glass.…”

Section: Substrates Electrodes As Well As Encapsulations For Flexiblmentioning

confidence: 92%

Emerging Self‐Emissive Technologies for Flexible Displays

2019

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in the connection between software and hardware and function as the direct information transfer windows, have improved substantially since their invention. [4] Actually, as one representative technology, flexible active-matrix organic light-emitting diodes (flex-AMOLEDs) have been made a huge success in commercialization due to the popularization of high-resolution TVs, smartphones, and solid state illuminations. As shown by IHS Markit, the shipments of flex-AMOLED displays are expected to surge to as many as 335.7 million units by 2020 as the demand for such panels continues a strong growth, which accounts for as high as 52.0% of total AMOLED panel shipments and this value reached 38.9% in 2018. [5] The promising prospect faced by flexible displays in the market serves as a testament to their great potential in the future.From a technical perspective, for ideal flexible displays, a number of parameters ought to be satisfied at the same time, including self-emissive characters, excellent mechanical flexibility, low powerconsumption, long-term stability, compatibility with solution processing as well as low cost for mass production, as shown in Figure 1. At present, depending on the emitting-active materials, which define the emission qualities and characteristics of the devices, the self-emissive flexible displays can be categorized into flexible organic light-emitting diodes (flex-OLEDs), flexible quantum dot light-emitting diodes (flex-QLEDs) and flexible perovskite light-emitting diodes (flex-PeLEDs). Derived from the loose van der Waals bonds between organic molecules, excellent mechanical flexibilities have been regarded as one of the intrinsic properties required for organic materials. Thus, in 1992, the first full flexible self-emissive device was created by fabricating a polymer OLED on a poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) substrate, which opened up a brand-new era for future displays. [6] From that point on, thanks to the emergence of the phosphorescent emitters and the recently reported thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters as well as the fast-paced advancement of device structure design and manufacturing techniques, both the theoretical and experimental maximum efficiencies of flex-OLEDs have improved considerably, which finally contributes to the success in commercialization of this technology. [7,8] Regarding flex-QLEDs, despite their superiority in high efficiency, low cost, solution-process compatibility and high color-purity, the progress of such devices is significantly slower as compared Featuring a combination of ultrathin and lightweight properties, excellent mechanical flexibility, low power-consumption, and widely tunable saturated emission, flexible displays have opened up a new possibility for optoelectronics. The demands for flexible displays are growing on a continual basis due not only to their successful commercialization but, more importantly, their endless possibilities for wearable integrated systems. Up to now, self-emissive technologies for displays, flexible ac...

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Section: Substrates Electrodes As Well As Encapsulations For Flexiblmentioning

confidence: 92%

Emerging Self‐Emissive Technologies for Flexible Displays

2019

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“…Most of these compound electrodes are two species including laminated electrode and hybrid electrode. The laminated compound electrodes including AgNWs/ITO, AgNWs/Graphene, AgNWs/TiO 2 , AgNWs/ZnO:Al, Al/multi‐walled CNTs (MWCNTs)/Al, Graphene/Ag thin film, Graphene/Ag/ZnO:Al, Ag thin film/PEDOT:PSS, etc., the hybrid compound electrodes including PEDOT:PSS and single‐walled CNTs (SWCNTs), PEDOT:PSS and AgNWs, AgNWs and SWCNTs are respectively researched. Figure a,b has shown a laminated electrode which is the AgNWs network covered by a monolayer graphene.…”

Section: Fundamental Elements Of Foledsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Developments in Flexible Organic Light‐Emitting Devices

Liu

Feng

et al. 2018

Adv Materials Technologies

120

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wearable displays, and conceptual lighting panels. In addition, besides the excellent designs, a flexible OLED (FOLED) [7, has several other advantages, the displays and lighting panels are thinner, lighter, more cost effective, shatterproof, and durable compared to glass or silicon based OLEDs. They are impact resistance and less prone to break than glass. At present, both flexible displays and lighting panels are being mass produced (Samsung and LG on displays, LG and Konica Minolta on lighting). FOLEDs are becoming most promising and popular next-generation display technology in consumer electronics and lighting panels.In order to develop the FOLEDs and realize their practical application, many great efforts have been conducted. The key components of the FOLEDs are flexible substrate, bottom and top electrode, organic functional layers, encapsulation layer, and optional light extraction layers. Differed from conventional OLEDs on rigid glass or silicon substrate, FOLEDs are fabricated on flexible substrates. Up to now, metal foil, flexible glass, and plastic film have been commonly used as flexible substrates for FOLEDs. On the other hand, actual fabric materials, natural silk fibroin films, bacterial cellulose, and rubbery poly (urethane acrylate) have also been developed to achieve the requirements of wearable and stretchable displays. The electrode is also very important for FOLEDs. Compared with the top electrode, more research has been conducted on the bottom electrode because its surface roughness, conductivity, and transmittance for bottom emitting OLEDs play a key role in the performance of FOLEDs. As conventional indiumtin-oxide (ITO) is not suitable for flexible devices as it is brittle, many great alternatives such as thin metal film, conducting polymer, dielectric-metal-dielectric (DMD) multilayers, metal nanowires, graphene, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and their compound have been studied. It should be mentioned that the performance of organic layers has almost no difference with rigid OLEDs because of their inherent excellent ductility and identical working mechanism. Moreover, for practical and commercial applications, stability and efficiency are two factors of crucial importance. As a consequence, the encapsulation technique and light extraction of FOLEDs are also two research hotspots in recent years. This review will summarize the key components, discuss the method of implementation, highlight the recent research progresses, and conclude the challenges and prospects of FOLEDs. demand for display technology in consumer electronics and lighting panels increases, thin, light, high-quality, and more cost-effective light-emitting devices are required. Organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs), satisfying the criteria exactly, have been considered the most promising next-generation display and lighting technique. In particular, an OLED based on flexible substrate enables the device to be applied to curved displays, electronic newspapers, wearable displays, and conceptual lighting panels, has been alwa...

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“…8 Particularly, thin-film organic optoelectronic devices suffer from short circuits if AgNWs reach the upper layers. 40 The surface roughness of thin NWs is not as pronounced as compared to that of the thicker ones, which reduces the necessary amount of surface flatteners. 41…”

Section: Role Of Pvp In the Electrode Performancementioning

confidence: 99%