Sobre Las Formas De Sepultamiento Prehispánico en Kuelap, Amazonas

Abstract

Se presenta las formas de sepultamiento identificadas en el complejo arqueológico de Kuelap, provincia de Luya, región de Amazonas, Perú. Dichas tumbas comprenden seis categorías de repositorios funerarios entre las cuales se mencionan sepulcros en nichos, chullpas, fosas, sarcófagos, mausoleos y grutas. El hecho de existir formas mortuorias diferentes debe estar ligado a la posición social de los difuntos y a diferentes momentos en la historia del sitio. La forma de las sepulturas y sus asociaciones indican que ellas fueron construidas entre los siglos X al XV después de Cristo. Durante este tiempo, según los datos históricos, Kuelap fue habitado por un grupo humano integrado a otros de la antigua provincia de Luyaychillao, contemporánea de los Chachapoya, Chilcho y otros todavía no bien identificados.

Assessing Conservation Conditions at La Fortaleza de Kuelap, Peru, Based on Integrated Close-Range Remote Sensing and Near-Surface Geophysics

“…Also unique is the diversity of mortuary styles and traditions present-cists under house floors, above-ground open structures (chullpas), burials in La Fortaleza's walls, and cliff tombs in Cerro Barreta. The dispersed, uninterred skeletal remains of at least 106 victims of a mass killing were uncovered by archaeologists in 2007 at the south end of La Fortaleza [28,29]. Special structures are found at each end of the site-in the south, both Templo Mayor and Plataforma Circular are associated with ritual activities; in the north, the Torreon provides a relatively high vantage point (Figure 4).…”

“…The central and southern areas of the settlement on La Fortaleza comprise Pueblo Bajo, while the northern sector, Pueblo Alto, is separated by another high stone wall and can only be approached through restricted access points. Excavations by Ruiz [2] revealed Inka modifications, including the placement of a long, multi-doored feasting hall (typically called a kallanka). Another, smaller kallanka lies at the south end, near Templo mayor.…”

“…in Peru's northeastern Andean tropical montane rain forests, it consists of an immense walled platform extending 550 m north-south with a maximum width of 150 m. Perimeter walls made of stone blocks, 300-2000 kg each, attain heights of 20 m, enclosing the rocky summit of Cerro La Barreta and an estimated 600,000 m 3 of stone and clay fill that supports 5.11 ha. of platform surface [1][2][3]. A settlement of approximately 420 circular stone habitations and five special-purpose buildings is found on top of the platform.…”

“…La Fortaleza looms over an extensive pre-Hispanic cultural landscape, the "Kuelap archaeological complex", where approximately 16 ancient hamlets, mortuary sites, small contemporary settlements, and agricultural infrastructure are spread across 450-500 ha on a sloping plateau overlooking the Utcubamba River valley (Figure 2). Bandelier [4] and Ruiz [2] both estimated a total of approximately 300 dwellings on the plateau, although recent studies may indicate more [5,6]. La Fortaleza looms over an extensive pre-Hispanic cultural landscape, the "Kuelap archaeological complex", where approximately 16 ancient hamlets, mortuary sites, small contemporary settlements, and agricultural infrastructure are spread across 450-500 ha on a sloping plateau overlooking the Utcubamba River valley (Figure 2).…”

“…La Fortaleza looms over an extensive pre-Hispanic cultural landscape, the "Kuelap archaeological complex", where approximately 16 ancient hamlets, mortuary sites, small contemporary settlements, and agricultural infrastructure are spread across 450-500 ha on a sloping plateau overlooking the Utcubamba River valley (Figure 2). Bandelier [4] and Ruiz [2] both estimated a total of approximately 300 dwellings on the plateau, although recent studies may indicate more [5,6]. Redrawn by Kucera with location data from Dionne [5].…”