Social behaviour in a thrips from Panama

Kiester, A. Ross; Strates, Elene

doi:10.1080/00222938400770231

Cited by 23 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…In the lab, after the final moult, the adult thrips dispersed in the container in which they were kept. Similar observations were made in another species of the same genus: the thrips A. gustaviae, Mound and Palmer, 1983, rest in bivouacs and exude a defensive liquid from their abdomen when disturbed [59,72]. The behaviour was observed in the mobile pupal stage rather than in the larvae.…”

Section: Cycloalexy In Immature Hemimetaboloussupporting

confidence: 76%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Preemptive Circular Defence of Immature Insects: Definition and Occurrences of Cycloalexy Revisited

Dury

Bede

Windsor

2014

Psyche: A Journal of Entomology

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Cycloalexy was coined by Vasconcellos-Neto and Jolivet in 1988 and further defined by Jolivet and collaborators in 1990 in reference to a specific type of circular defence. The term has been applied to numerous organisms, including adult insects, nymphs, and even vertebrates, but has lost precision with the accumulation of anecdotal reports not addressing key elements of the behaviour as first defined. We review the literature and propose three criteria that are sufficient and necessary to define the behaviour: (1) individuals form a circle; (2) defensive attributes of the individuals are positioned on the periphery of the circle, and as a result, the periphery of the circle uniformly contains either heads or abdomens; (3) animals preemptively adopt the circle as a resting formation, meaning it is not necessary to observe predation. When these considerations are taken into account, cycloalexy appears less common in nature than the literature suggests. We argue that unequivocal cases of cycloalexy have been found only in sawflies (Tenthredinoidea: Pergidae, Argidae), leaf beetles (Chrysolemidae: Galerucinae, Cassidinae, Chrysomelinae, Criocerinae), weevils (Curculionidae: Phelypera distigma), and midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae, Forcipomyia). Reports of cycloalexy in caterpillars (Saturniidae: Hemileucinae: Lonomia, Papilionidae) require further documentation. We report one new case of cycloalexy in thrips (Thysanoptera) and question reports of cycloalexic behaviour in other taxa.

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Section: Cycloalexy In Immature Hemimetaboloussupporting

confidence: 76%

“…This is the case for cycloalexic caterpillars, and larvae of sawflies [47], weevils, and leaf beetles [7,40]. Some feed on fungal hyphae, such as Forcipomyia fuliginosa (Meigen, 1818) midge larvae [42], and the rest graze on lichen, like Anactinothrips gustaviae thrips [59].…”

Section: Common Traits Of All Cycloalexic Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preemptive Circular Defence of Immature Insects: Definition and Occurrences of Cycloalexy Revisited

Dury

Bede

Windsor

2014

Psyche: A Journal of Entomology

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“…The identified insect pollinator belongs to a distinct genus of the family Melanthripidae, an extant clade of the order Thysanoptera. Modern thrips show varied behaviors that can include parental care ranging from solitary to gregarious, colonial, subsocial, and eusocial habits, the last of which can exhibit morphologically and behaviorally specialized individuals into castes (31)(32)(33). Scarce but direct evidence of parental care/eusociality in insects has been reported only in Cenozoic ambers, principally ants, but never in Cretaceous amber, possibly attributable to preservational limitations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thrips pollination of Mesozoic gymnosperms

Peñalver

Labandeira

Barrón

et al. 2012

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

103

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Within modern gymnosperms, conifers and Ginkgo are exclusively wind pollinated whereas many gnetaleans and cycads are insect pollinated. For cycads, thrips are specialized pollinators. We report such a specialized pollination mode from Early Cretaceous amber of Spain, wherein four female thrips representing a genus and two species in the family Melanthripidae were covered by abundant Cycadopites pollen grains. These females bear unique ring setae interpreted as specialized structures for pollen grain collection, functionally equivalent to the hook-tipped sensilla and plumose setae on the bodies of bees. The most parsimonious explanation for this structure is parental food provisioning for larvae, indicating subsociality. This association provides direct evidence of specialized collection and transportation of pollen grains and likely gymnosperm pollination by 110-105 million years ago, possibly considerably earlier.paleoecology | paleoethology | coevolution | plant-insect interactions

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“…In social aphids and thrips, limitation of suitable sites to form galls has been suggested to favor parasocial associations between adult females that cofound galls (Kiester and Strates, 1984;Abbot and Chapman, 2017). In snapping shrimp, the sponges where these animals live are in short supply (Macdonald et al, 2006), making it difficult for juveniles to find unoccupied hosts.…”

Section: Limited Breeding Possibilities Lead To Socialitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalyzing Transitions to Sociality: Ecology Builds on Parental Care

Socias‐Martínez

Kappeler

2019

Front. Ecol. Evol.

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In the context of social evolution research, great emphasis on kin-selected benefits has led to an understanding of parental care as one of the activities that helpers can perform in extended cooperative families. Nevertheless, this perspective might have precluded a deeper understanding of the implications of parental care for social evolution. We argue that parental care is a broader set of processes playing a key role both before and during the emergence of sociality. The care system of a species may be understood as the result of long coevolutionary processes with environmental pressures during presocial stages that impact transitions to sociality. We evaluate the present framework against evidence on the evolution of parental care and transitions toward sociality in subsocial and parasocial vertebrate and invertebrate species. Moreover, following previous evidence for the importance of modes of foraging and resting, we structure our inquiry by classifying societies into three types. Our results suggest that in "central place foragers" and "fortress defenders", ecological factors promoting the evolution of parental care foster a set of coevolutionary feedback loops resulting in increases in parental effort and offspring needs. Offspring needs alone or in combination with limited breeding options enhance the relative benefits of positive social interactions, catalyzing transitions to sociality. In "itinerant foragers", sociality is associated with colonizing new niches. Changes in predation pressure entail changes in the modes of care or selection for certain types of care already present in solitary ancestors. Further changes in the form of collective defense may be needed for permanent sociality to evolve. We conclude that there is evidence that social transitions to different types of societies are the result of long coevolutionary processes between environmental pressures and the care systems in a wide variety of taxa. Therefore, advances in the study of the origins of sociality may require further investigation of parental care evolution in solitary ancestors of today's social species.

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Social behaviour in a thrips from Panama

Cited by 23 publications

References 16 publications

Preemptive Circular Defence of Immature Insects: Definition and Occurrences of Cycloalexy Revisited

Preemptive Circular Defence of Immature Insects: Definition and Occurrences of Cycloalexy Revisited

Thrips pollination of Mesozoic gymnosperms

Catalyzing Transitions to Sociality: Ecology Builds on Parental Care

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