Social class, coronary risk factors and undernutrition, a double burden of diseases, in women during transition, in five Indian cities

Singh, Ram B.; Beegom, Raheena; Mehta, Amita S; Niaz, Mohammad A.; De, Amitabha; Mitra, Ranjan K; Haque, Memuna; Verma, Shweta; Dube, Gopal K.; Siddiqui, Hikjul M; Wander, Gurpreet Singh; Janus, Edward; Postiglione, Alfredo; Haque, Mohammad Sabbir Reza

doi:10.1016/s0167-5273(99)00010-8

Cited by 78 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…It is possible that south Asians appear to be predisposed to high blood pressure as well as an increased susceptibility to coronary artery disease (CAD) possibly due to insulin resistance. [8][9][10] Hypertension as a risk factor for stroke and CAD has been recognised in developed countries 11 since 1950. It is now also considered important in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in developing countries.…”

Section: Reviewed Thementioning

confidence: 99%

“…16 Undernutrition was more common in populations with a lower prevalence of hypertension. 10 The Framingham study classification of hypertension 10 (Ͼ140/90 mm Hg) in the total population from five cities showed that women who were known hypertensives obtained drugs at various centres. 16 The prevalence of hypertension according to this classification revealed that isolated diastolic hypertension was more common than other subtypes of hypertension (Table 11).…”

Section: Journal Of Human Hypertensionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The prevalence of overweight and hypertension was most common in New Zealand, Australia and Japan followed by Iran, urban India, Singapore, urban Sri Lanka and urban Philippines (Table 14). 10,16,19,20,78,[89][90][91][92][93][94][95][96][97][98] Epidemiologic studies in the eastern Mediterranean region report the prevalence of hypertension up to 30% among adults in urban areas. In one cross-sectional survey, Sarraf-Zadigan and Amininik studied 8639 men (n = 2505) and women (n = 3413) aged 19-70 years from Isfahan city (n = 7857) and surrounding rural areas (total n = 782, men = 178, women = 436).…”

Section: Journal Of Human Hypertensionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, developing Asian countries suffer from the double burden of pretransitional and post-transitional diseases and community awareness of the dangers of CVD is not high. 10 The transition towards becoming an industrial market is unleashing consumer aspirations that impatiently seek an affluent and indulgent lifestyle. There are new five star hospitals developing in every developing country of Asia with no clinical epidemiology department or health promotion unit.…”

Section: Prevention Of Hypertension In Asiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Smaller body frame size, and the development of central obesity at relatively lower body mass index of 23-25 kg/m 2 especially in south Asians indicate that special guidelines for desirable levels of risk factors may be necessary for prevention of hypertension in Asia (Table 15). 120 Newer strategies for child and mother health education to prevent the acquisition or augmentation of cardiovascular risk factors in these developing communities should be combined with programmes to reverse and reduce the risk factors observed in urban communities and in the higher social classes 10 for primordial and primary prevention of CVD respectively.…”

Section: Prevention Of Hypertension In Asiamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hypertension and stroke in Asia: prevalence, control and strategies in developing countries for prevention

et al. 2000

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Reliable statistics related to the prevalence, incidence and mortality of hypertension and stroke are not available from Asia. The data may be in national or institutional reports or journals published in the local language only. The mortality rate for stroke has been on the decline since the mid 1960s in the developed countries of Asia, such as Australia, New Zealand, and Japan, with some improvement in Singapore, Taiwan and Hong Kong, some areas of China and Malaysia about 15 years later. In India, China, Phillippines, Thailand, Sri Lanka, Iran, Pakistan, Nepal, there has been a rapid increase in stroke mortality and prevalence of hypertension. The prevalence of hypertension according to new criteria (Ͼ140/90 mm Hg) varies between 15-35% in urban adult populations of Asia. In rural populations, the prevalence is two to three times lower than in urban subjects.

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Section: Reviewed Thementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Journal Of Human Hypertensionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Journal Of Human Hypertensionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Prevention Of Hypertension In Asiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Prevention Of Hypertension In Asiamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hypertension and stroke in Asia: prevalence, control and strategies in developing countries for prevention

et al. 2000

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Microlevel determinants of blood pressure among women of two ethnic groups in a periurban area of Kolkata city, India

Ghosh

2007

American J Hum Biol

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Blood pressure (BP) trends vary cross-culturally, and studies on the risk factors associated with hypertension are limited in periurban regions of India. This study was conducted to examine the effect of socioeconomic factors (income, expenditure, activity time) and anthropometric measurements (skinfolds of biceps, triceps, subscapular, supra iliac, and body mass index) on 102 Munda (tribe) and 135 Pod (caste) women of childbearing age in a periurban area of Kolkata city. Results indicate that Munda women had significantly higher diastolic BP in the 30+ age group. However, no difference in the systolic and diastolic BP was observed between the two groups, when the socioanthropometric factors were controlled as covariates. Also, according to the JNC (JNC, 2004, The JNC 7 Report NIH Publication No. 04-5230) classification of hypertension, no significant difference in hypertension was noted between the women of the two social groups. But the risk factors associated with hypertension varied between the two ethnic groups. Expenditure on alcohol and activity time was associated with hypertension among the Munda, while body mass index was significantly associated with hypertension among the Pod women. Alcohol consumption is a rare phenomenon among Indian women. Yet, Munda women in this transitional periurban environment, in spite of high poverty were more inclined to spent their earnings in alcohol consumption (due to their cultural preferences), increasing the risk of hypertension in their childbearing age.

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Social Epidemiology of Nutritional Burden Among Children and Adolescents in India

Perkins

Subramanian

2010

Epidemiology of Obesity in Children and Adolescents

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Social class, coronary risk factors and undernutrition, a double burden of diseases, in women during transition, in five Indian cities

Cited by 78 publications

References 21 publications

Hypertension and stroke in Asia: prevalence, control and strategies in developing countries for prevention

Hypertension and stroke in Asia: prevalence, control and strategies in developing countries for prevention

Microlevel determinants of blood pressure among women of two ethnic groups in a periurban area of Kolkata city, India

Social Epidemiology of Nutritional Burden Among Children and Adolescents in India

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