Social structure of seaweed farmers in border areas: cases in seaweed farmers in Nunukan Island

Shafitri, Nensyana; Zulham, Armen; Muawanah, Umi

doi:10.1088/1755-1315/348/1/012053

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Capital and operating costs for seaweed production are relatively low [11,50,51]. The costs to establish a one kilometre array of seaweed farming lines was estimated at around USD 107.50, with the material having a 2-year lifespan [11].…”

Section: Production Costs Are Lowmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Shelters and drying racks are commonly shared amongst individuals and may be used for other economic activities, such as drying fish or agriculture products [11]. Similarly, boats used for seaweed farming may be used for fishing or transport [11,50]. The average capital cost for a seaweed farm in Takalar Regency, South Sulawesi, was estimated to be IDR 8,300,000 (ca.…”

Section: Production Costs Are Lowmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The production cycle is short, typically 45 days from planting to harvest for Kappaphycus [11,50], with a similar production cycle duration for Gracilaria [37]. This short production cycle allows for a quick return on investment and a regular income to the farmer.…”

Section: Production Costs Are Lowmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seaweed Aquaculture in Indonesia Contributes to Social and Economic Aspects of Livelihoods and Community Wellbeing

et al. 2021

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Seaweed farming in Indonesia is carried out throughout much of the archipelago and is mainly undertaken by smallholder farmers. Indonesia is the largest global producer of the red seaweeds Kappaphycus and Eucheuma, which are used to produce carrageenan, and is a major producer of Gracilaria, which is used to produce agar. Seaweed farming is attractive to farmers in rural coastal communities because capital and operating costs are low, farming techniques are not technically demanding, labour requirements are relatively low (allowing farmers to engage in other livelihoods), and production cycles are short (30–45 days), providing regular income. Using reported values for seaweed-farming income, we conclude that seaweed farming can, but does not always, lift rural households above the Indonesian poverty line. In addition to direct financial benefits, seaweed farming also contributes to human and social capital within seaweed farming households and communities. Achieving continued economic and social benefits from seaweed farming will require additional policy development, as well as research and development to support improved and more consistent seaweed productivity and improved product quality at the farm level, provision of effective extension and technical support services, and diversification of the existing value chains in order to reduce the impacts of price fluctuations that are associated with limited global commodity chains.

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Section: Production Costs Are Lowmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Production Costs Are Lowmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seaweed Aquaculture in Indonesia Contributes to Social and Economic Aspects of Livelihoods and Community Wellbeing

et al. 2021

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“…Eranza et al (2015) claimed that the Bajau and the Suluk had brought the seaweed farming techniques from Tawi-Tawi Island, the Philippines. Shafitri et al (2019) noted a vast development gap between Nunukan in Indonesia, neighboring Tawau in Sabah-Malaysian. Lack of employment opportunities, low wages, and little development in Nunukan has pushed migrant workers to move to Tawau temporarily and permanently for economic opportunities.…”

Section: The Number: Migrant Workers In the Seaweed Sectormentioning

confidence: 99%

Migrant Workers in the Seaweed Sector in Sabah, Malaysia

Hussin

Khoso

2021

Sage Open

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This article uses the content analysis (CA) to examine the secondary data on the migrant workers in the seaweed sector in Sabah, Malaysia, and analyzed the migrant workers’ contributions to the sector and kinds of socio-cultural, economic, and legal challenges they faced. Through online academic publication searching, six academic papers and reports, and three media news stories about the migrant workers in the seaweed sector in Malaysia were found. In these articles and new stories, three major themes were identified: the number of migrant workers, their contribution to the seaweed sector, and the problems and challenges they faced. Under theme three, the subthemes included stereotypes, threats, risks, poverty, wages, and exploitation. The article found that migrant workers produced most of the seaweed in different regions in Sabah, Malaysia. However, the authorities do not directly recognize the contribution of migrant workers, as most workers in the seaweed sector are undocumented. The stateless status of most migrant workers has jeopardized the workers in the sector and provided power to the middlemen to exploit them. Stereotypes concerning migrant workers—low daily wages and low production rates—are significant issues and problems in their lives, which together exacerbate their economic and social misery and vulnerability. Although occupational health and safety are a prime concern in seaweed farming, no details were found concerning the health and safety of the migrant workers in the sector. Cumulatively, these factors (challenges to the migrant workers) may decrease the quantity and inferior quality of seaweed in Malaysia.

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Seaweed Culture, Post-Harvest Processing, and Market Generation for Employment of Coastal Poor Communities in Cox's Bazar

FARHADUZZAMAN,

KHAN,

HASAN

et al. 2023

JALSE

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Seaweed farming is one of the aquaculture industries with the greatest growth rate worldwide, with an annual production of over 33 billion tonnes, and a value of USD$11.8 billion which is predicted to treble by 2024. The current study was conducted in the Bakkhali River estuary and set out to survey the seaweed cultivation, processing, marketing status of the seaweed farmers and evaluate its financial benefits. Gracilaria lemaneiformis and Ulva intestinalis were cultured using the rope methods. The yield of G. lemaneiformis and U. intestinalis was good (Ten 15 m long ropes were used in each of the 45 plots, produced 7770 kg of G. lemaneiformis in the first 15 days while using ten 15 m long ropes were in each of the plots of U. intestinalis produced 2300 kg). Water parameters viz. temperature, salinity, pH, DO and transparency were checked every 15 days. According to previous literature, winter was determined to be the most productive time for seaweed development in Bangladesh. Seaweed was processed by the sun drying method and sold to retail clients, neighborhood shops and markets, and representatives in Cox's Bazar, Bandarban, Rangamati and Khagrachari district, where G. lemaneiformis attracting the higher price. The income of seaweed farmers has increased more than in the previous years to maintain their family. Most of the farmers used raw seaweed as traditional medicine for the treatment of gastric problem (80%), diabetes (5%), blood pressure (3%) and cancer (2%). They also used seaweed as an additive with other vegetables, mutton and chicken. Education for coastal people is very difficult, but after cultivating seaweed, about 60% of farmers can afford their children's education cost and about 85% of the households had electric fans, while the majority had mobile phones. The cost-benefit analysis demonstrated that seaweed cultivation is highly profitable.

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Social structure of seaweed farmers in border areas: cases in seaweed farmers in Nunukan Island

Cited by 3 publications

References 7 publications

Seaweed Aquaculture in Indonesia Contributes to Social and Economic Aspects of Livelihoods and Community Wellbeing

Seaweed Aquaculture in Indonesia Contributes to Social and Economic Aspects of Livelihoods and Community Wellbeing

Migrant Workers in the Seaweed Sector in Sabah, Malaysia

Seaweed Culture, Post-Harvest Processing, and Market Generation for Employment of Coastal Poor Communities in Cox's Bazar

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