Abstract. Fitri DS, Pangastuti A, Susilowati A, Sutarno. 2017. Endophytic bacteria producing antibacterial against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in seagrass from Rote Ndao, East Nusa Tenggara,. Methicillinresistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) are bacteria that resistant to the various type of antibiotics and yet cannot be handled comprehensively. The discovery of new antibiotic from endophytic bacteria in seagrass of Rote Island is an option to overcome the resistance. The aims of this research were to screen endophytic bacteria inhibit MRSA from seagrass, to determine the species of the endophytic bacteria and the genetic relationship. Isolation of endophytic bacteria has carried out by inoculating surface sterilization seagrass leaves on Marine Agar (MA) medium. Selection of potential endophytic bacteria-producing anti-MRSA has done using overlay method against MRSA, gram-positive Bacillus subtilis, and gram-negative Escherichia coli. Identification of the endophytic bacteria based on the sequence of 16S rRNA encoding gene. The results showed that there were eight isolates of endophytic bacteria which have antibacterial activity against MRSA of seagrass Enhalus acoroides, Thalassia hemprichii, and Cymodocea rotundata in the Litianak and Oeseli Beaches, Rote Ndao. The diameter of inhibition zone was between 0.65-18.27 mm with narrow spectrum with broad spectrum antibacterial activity. The eight potential endophytic bacteria identity were Bacillaceae E2M1, Bacillaceae E2M3, Bacillus E2M4, Bacillus E2M7, Bacillaceae E2M8, Pseudomonadaceae C1M7, Shewanellaceae C2M3, and Rhodobacteraceae T1M3. Most of the isolates can be said to be a new species as the percent similarity of 16S rRNA gene sequence was less than 95% and promising to produce new antibacterial compounds. Phylogenetic relationship showed some isolates clustering in different groups that present the diverse groups of endophytic bacteria were found.

ABSTRAKTujuan dari penelitian ini mengevaluasi dampak kenaikan harga BBM terhadap kinerja sektor kelautan dan perikanan. Penelitian ini menggunakan data input-output nasional yang dianalisis dengan computable general equilibrium model. Hasil analisis mengindikasikan pertama, dampak kenaikan harga BBM dalam kurun waktu 10 tahun (17,94%) menyebabkan output perikanan tangkap TCT (Tuna, Cakalang dan Tongkol) turun sebesar 0,132%, tapi dampak kenaikan harga BBM terhadap penurunan output perikanan budidaya tidak terlalu besar contohnya output patin turun sebesar 0,012%. Kedua, dampak kenaikan harga BBM terhadap harga ikan tidak sebanding dengan kenaikan harga BBM, kenaikan harga rata-rata output ikan TCT akibat penurunan subsidi hanya sebesar 0,567%. Ketiga, penurunan total ekspor sektor perikanan tangkap lainnya akibat kenaikan harga BBM adalah 1,211%. Keempat, kenaikan harga BBM, meningkatkan impor perikanan tangkap laut lainnya sebesar 0.51%, dan untuk komoditas Tuna dan Cakalang sebesar 0.48%. Kelima, kenaikan BBM menurunkan jumlah tenaga kerja sebesar 0,346% pada usaha perikanan TCT. Keenam, kenaikan harga BBM membuat household demand menurun pada komoditas ikan tangkap (0,103%) dan ikan hasil olahan dan kering (0,109%). Diharapkan ketika terjadi kenaikan harga BBM pemerintah tetap harus mendukung kebijakan mata pencarian alternatif untuk nelayan ketika mereka tidak bisa melaut, seperti usaha budidaya laut. (0,103 %). Therefore, the government should put the alternative livelihood policy forward as a mean for the fisher to cope with the impending fuel price increased, such as marine aquaculture. Kata Kunci: BBM, harga, CGE, kinerja, dampak ABSTRACT This study evaluates the impact of a rising fuel price to the performance of marine and fisheries sector. This study uses national input-output data that were analyzed using a Computable General

Brackish water aquaculture is an essential business in Aceh Tamiang Regency. Data and information about the brackish water business collected from selected villages in four regencies from April until August 2020. In 2019, the brackish water farmers run their business 91.1% as the traditional type of aquaculture, 2.0% as semi-intensive, and 6.9% as intensive practices. The traditional brackish water farm is depending on “toke” as the source of funding. Meanwhile, the last two types of businesses grew with rent and sharing system. The brackish water activities only give limited benefits to the local community because they highly depend on other regions for seed, feed, pesticides, and labor, and the local institution supports the brackish water business not yet created. This research recommends: the village’s government should develop and implement the regulation for the involvement of local people in business activities; the brackish water institution should be created in the location especially for water management, control water pollution, and sources of various information regarding brackish water business. The Village Business Agency (Badan Usaha Milik Gampong) should improve its capabilities and play a role in the village’s brackish water business.

ABSTRAKTujuan tulisan ini memaparkan hasil identifikasi dan potensi pemanfaatan limbah perikanan di Banda Aceh. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa limbah yang dihasilkan dari usaha perikanan (penangkapan, budidaya, pengolahan) dan usaha non-perikanan sebagian besar belum dimanfaatkan secara optimal. Limbah yang dihasilkan dari usaha penangkapan adalah limbah padat berupa sisa ikan hasil pembongkaran dengan status sudah dimanfaatkan untuk pakan unggas. Limbah dari usaha pengolahan antara lain limbah padat berupa sisa ikan bagian kepala, isi perut dan tulang dengan status belum dimanfaatkan karena terbatasnya pengetahuan dan keterampilan dalam mengadopsi teknologi. Limbah dari usaha budidaya berupa padatan yang sudah dimanfaatkan sebagai pupuk kompos, sedangkan limbah dari budidaya kepiting soka belum dimanfaatkan. Jenis usaha yang berpotensi untuk dikembangkan dengan memanfaatkan limbah tersebut adalah: 1) Usaha tepung ikan; 2) Usaha pembuatan pakan ikan dan unggas; 3) Usaha olahan makanan ringan (snack) tulang ikan; 4) Usaha kerajinan aksesoris berupa tas atau dompet; dan 5) Usaha pembuatan tepung bahan baku citosan.

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