Socioeconomy Conditions After The Development of Toll Roads in Salatiga

Abstract

In Central Java, one of supporting factors of regional economic growth viewed from regionalfacilities and infrastructures is toll road facilities. Transjawa toll road is a network that connectsseveral cities in Java. Particularly, this toll road connects two biggest cities in Indonesia, namelyJakarta and Surabaya in which Salatiga is also one of cities traversed by this toll. This ±1.000 kmtoll road continues the previous toll roads that have existed, including Merak – Cikampek, Jakarta– Bandung, Semarang – Bawen, and Surabaya – Pandaan. Despite the positive impacts, Transjawatoll road also gives negative impacts for local communities. Thus, this study aimed (1) to find outthe socioeconomic condition of farmers after Transjawa toll road construction in Salatiga and (2)to find out the socioeconomic condition of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) afterTransjawa toll road construction in Salatiga. This study used qualitative and quantitative datataken from from 30 main respondents. The construction of transjawa toll road in Salatiga regionbrings good effects. It was proved by the better condition of socioeconomic and income of farmersand MSME doers in Salatiga region after the construction of this toll road.

The Effect of the Operational Exit Tolls on the Welfare of the Local Community

“…However, total consumption before toll construction was significantly lower than after toll construction by 5%. This result is in line with research conducted on the construction of toll Salatiga (Marpaung et al, 2021), Texas (Kalmanje & Kockelman, 2009), and southern Staffordshire (Pugh & Fairburn, 2008), where there is an increase in the welfare of society. However, social welfare as measured by income showed the opposite result where income significantly declining.…”

Dampak Pembangunan Jalan Tol Trans Jawa terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi di Jawa Tengah

“…Dalam aspek ekonomi, pembangunan jalan tol meningkatkan perekonomian lokal dalam bentuk adanya belanja pemerintah yang mendorong peningkatan kesempatan kerja dan pajak daerah (Chi dan Waugaman, 2010;Clower dan Weinstein, 2006). Selain itu terdapat efek limpahan dari pembangunan tol berupa peningkatan mobilisasi yang berdampak baik terhadap kinerja UMKM setempat (Marpaung et al, 2021), mengurangi beban lalu lintas (Gronau, 1999), dan perbaikan jalan-jalan di daerah yang mengantisipasi perubahan pemukiman dan populasi (Andani dan Geurs, 2019). Fokus pada manfaat ekonomi dari tol saja tidak cukup karena ada efek ekologi dan lingkungan yang ditimbulkan.…”

“…Artinya secara agregat keberadaan jalan tol meningkatkan pertumbuhan ekonomi di kabupaten/kota yang dilintasinya. Hasil ini juga sejalan dengan beberapa penelitian terdahulu, antara lain pembangunan jalan tol meningkatkan perekonomian lokal dalam bentuk adanya belanja pemerintah yang mendorong peningkatan kesempatan kerja (Chi dan Waugaman, 2010;Clower dan Weinstein, 2006) serta efek limpahan dari pembangunan tol berupa peningkatan mobilisasi yang berdampak baik terhadap kinerja perekonomian lokal (Marpaung et al, 2021). Agenda perluasan cakupan wilayah kabupaten/kota yang dijangkau jalan tol di Jawa Tengah tetap perlu dilanjutkan agar mendukung pertumbuhan ekonomi serta keseimbangan dan pemerataan pembangunan.…”

WATERSHED MANAGEMENT APPROACH AS AN ALTERNATIVE SOLUTION FOR FLOOD PROBLEM IN NORTHERN PART OF CENTRAL JAVA (Pendekatan Pengelolaan DAS Sebagai Alternatif Solusi Masalah Banjir di Jawa Tengah Utara)

“…Our research area is in the northern part of Central Java Province (see Figure 1), and it comprises four river basins. The presence of arterial and toll roads in the northern corridor is a significant infrastructural boost that has aided the region's rapid economic development (Marpaung et al, 2021). As a result, several developing challenges to river basin functions are mostly caused by unrestrained population increase (Handayani et al, 2020).…”