Soft tissue facial profile changes following functional appliance therapy

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in the facial profile resulting from the use of a twin block (TB) functional appliance. The sample comprised 38 patients (24 males and 14 females) with a Class II division 1 malocclusion. Nineteen subjects were treated with a functional appliance while the remaining 19, who did not undergo any intervention, served as the control. The mean age of the treated group was 9.5 years (SD 10 months) and of the control group 9.9 years (SD 13 months). Lateral cephalograms were obtained for all subjects at the initial consultation and again after one year. The changes in facial profile, resulting from treatment with the TB, were analysed after the influence of growth had been taken into account. The results showed a significant improvement in the facial profile, which closely followed the underlying dentoskeletal changes. Thus, the most significant effects were a total facial profile improvement, retraction of the upper lip and anterior movement of soft tissue pogonion (P < 0.05). Subjects treated with a TB appliance achieved improved facial harmony, but such changes were not observed in the control group.

Changes in the oropharyngeal airway of Class II patients treated with the mandibular anterior repositioning appliance

“…It was found that a sample of 11 individuals was need to detect a difference of at least 1400 mm 3 with standard deviation of 1650 mm 3 as found by our preliminary studies (unpublished data). Multivariate ANOVA was used to evaluate the effect of functional appliances on the experimental variables when controlling for CVMS as previously described.…”

“…The inferior limit was that spanning the A-P dimension of the airway, passing through the tip of the epiglottis (Figure 2). The airway sensitivity setting, which controls the program's ability to find differences in gray-scale resolution, was standardized at 45 to best recognize the airway and calculate the volume in mm 3 .…”

“…Functional appliances, such as the mandibular anterior repositioning appliance (MARA; Ormco, Orange, Calif), are an accepted treatment modality to improve the mandibular position relative to the maxilla while simultaneously improving the profile. 3 The incidence of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) in adolescents has been estimated at 6%, with sufferers being twice as likely as their peers to have excessive daytime sleepiness, poorer grade point average, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. 4 A number of predisposing factors, including asthma, adenotonsillar hypertrophy, allergies, obesity, and craniofacial abnormalities, such as mandibular retrognathism, have been identified for SDB.…”

Comparative evaluation of soft tissue changes one year post-treatment in Twin Block and FORSUS FRD treated patients

“…The skeletal and dentoalveolar effects of functional appliances are almost always accepted by researchers; [13][14][15] however, with regard to aesthetic improvement, evaluation of soft tissue profile alterations after treatment with functional appliances is of great importance. The ultimate test for treatment lies in its ability to bring about visible changes and its long-term stability in terms of aesthetics and function.…”

Comportamento da ausência de selamento labial passivo ao longo do tempo

“…O desenvolvimento normal dos lábios durante os anos acompanha o crescimento dos músculos e de outros tecidos conectivos com o corpo (QUINTAO et al, 2006;TALASS;TALASS;BAKER, 1987).…”