Soil-borne fungi challenge the concept of long-term biochemical recalcitrance of pyrochar

Rosa, José María De la; Miller, Ana Z.; Knicker, Heike

doi:10.1038/s41598-018-21257-5

Cited by 36 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…The presence at 10-20 cm depth of humified compounds derived from the charcoal material, might explain the higher C FA and C HA contents noticed at this depth. The mild conditions of the charcoal production along with the weathering of the charcoal during the time span of the field experiment until soil sampling (20 months) might have contributed to its partial oxidation, originating carboxylic groups directly linked to aromatic structures [43][44][45]. Possibly, these organic compounds have migrated downward from upper depths with a preferential accumulation in the alkaline extractable fraction (SHS).…”

Section: Som and Charcoal Biodegradabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Charcoal Fine Residues Effects on Soil Organic Matter Humic Substances, Composition, and Biodegradability

et al. 2019

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Biochar has been shown as a potential mean to enhance carbon sequestration in the soil. In Brazil, approximately 15% of the produced charcoal is discarded as charcoal fines, which are chemically similar to biochar. Therefore, we aimed to test charcoal fines as a strategy to increase soil carbon sequestration. Charcoal fines of hardwood Mimosa scabrella were incorporated into a Cambisol down to 10 cm (T1 = 0 and T4 = 40 Mg ha−1) in Southern Brazil. Soil samples were collected (0–30 cm) 20 months after charcoal amendment. Soil organic matter (SOM) acid extract, humic acid, fulvic acid, and humin fractions were separated. Solid-state 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra from charcoal and SOM in T1 and T4 were obtained before and after 165 days of incubation under controlled conditions. Charcoal increased soil carbon as fulvic (10–20 cm) and humic acids (10–30 cm) and, especially, as humin (0–5 cm), which probably occurred due to the hydrophobic character of the charcoal. The 13C NMR spectra and mean residence times (MRT) measured from incubation essays indicated that the charred material decomposed relatively fast and MRT of T1 and T4 samples were similar. It follows that the charcoal fines underwent similar decomposition as SOM, despite the high charcoal dose applied to the soil and the high aryl C contribution (78%) to the total 13C intensity of the charcoal NMR spectra.

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Section: Som and Charcoal Biodegradabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Charcoal Fine Residues Effects on Soil Organic Matter Humic Substances, Composition, and Biodegradability

et al. 2019

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“…The decoupling of char and soot on the Qinghai–Tibet plateau, in the ocean, and in the deep sediments of lakes may be driven by nonhomologous sources of char and soot or the nonsynchronous transfer of BC. The degradation of char in the deep sediment could also destroy the coupling relationship between char and soot. − The soot-to-char regression line of Fuxian Lake (gray-filled circles in Figure b) is almost on the baseline, and it has the lowest linear intercept, which is representative of the lowest soot concentration under the same amount of char (Figure b).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anthropogenic-Driven Alterations in Black Carbon Sequestration and the Structure in a Deep Plateau Lake

Huang

et al. 2021

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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The continuous flux of organic carbon (OC) from terrestrial ecosystems into inland water is an important component of the global carbon cycle. The buried OC pool in inland water sediments is considerable, and black carbon (BC) is a significant contributor to this OC pool because of the continuous growth in BC emissions. Therefore, determining the effect of BC on total OC burial and variations in the structure of BC during the burial process will contribute significantly to our understanding of lacustrine carbon cycling. This study investigated BC burial and its structural variations in response to anthropogenic drivers using four dated sedimentary cores from a deep plateau lake in China. The BC burial rate rose from 0.96 ± 0.64 g•m −2 •y −1 (mean of sedimentary cores pre-1960s) to 4.83 ± 1.25 g•m −2 •y −1 (after 2000), which is a 5.48 ± 2.12-fold rise. The increase of char was similar to those of BC. The growth rate of soot was 7.20 ± 4.30 times, which is higher than that of BC and char, increasing from 0.12 ± 0.08 to 0.64 ± 0.23 g•m −2 •y −1 . There was a decreasing trend in the ratio of char and soot at a mean rate of 62.8 ± 6.46% (excluding core 3) in relation to increased fossil fuel consumption. The contribution of BC to OC burial showed a significant increasing trend from the past to the present, particularly in cores 3 and 4, and the mean contribution of the four cores was 11.78 ± 2.84%. Source tracer results from positive matrix factorization confirmed that the substantial use of fossil fuels has promoted BC burial and altered the BC structure. This has resulted in BC with a higher aromatic content in the lake sediment, which exhibits reduced reactivity and increased stability. The strong correlation between BC and allochthonous total OC indicates that the input pathways of the buried BC in this plateau lake sediment were terrestrial surface processes and not atmospheric deposition.

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“…E.g. Pyrochar (Pyc) is a pyrogenic type of organic matter produced from plant biomass degradation in the presence of the following oxygen limitation (José et al, 2018) . Pathogenic fungus converts plant litters into carbon material, which is an important step in the earth's carbon cycle.…”

Section: Microbial Activity In the Natural Degradation Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive strategies of Lignocellulolytic enzyme production from microbes and their applications in various commercial-scale faculties

Annadurai¹,

Balasubramanian²,

Anand³

et al. 2021

NRFHH

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Activities of anthropological organisms lead to the production of massive lignocellulosic waste every year and these lignocellulolytic enzymes plays crucial role in developing eco-friendly, sustainable and economical methods for decomposing and pre-treating the biomass to produce biofuels, organic acids, feeds and enzymes. Lignocellulolytic enzymes sustainably hydrolyse the biomass and can be utilized in wide range of applications such as personal care, pharmaceutical, biofuel release, sewage treatment, food and beverage industries. Every year a significant ton of biomass waste is released and insight on these crucial enzymes could establish in all the industries. However, due to the increased demand for compost materials, biomass degradation has resulted in composting processes. Several methods for improving compost amount and quality have been explored, including increasing decomposer inoculums, stimulating microbial activity, and establishing a decomposable environment. All of these prerequisites are met by biotechnological applications. Biotechnological procedures are used to improve the activity of enzymes on biomass. It leads to an adequate supply of compost and base materials for enterprises. In terms of effectiveness and stability during the breakdown process, lignocellulolytic enzymes derived from genetically modified species outperformed naturally derived lignocellulolytic enzymes. It has the potential to increase the quality and output of by-products. This review discussed the development of lignocellulolytic enzyme families and their widespread applications in a variety of industries such as olive oil extraction, carotenoid extraction, waste management, pollution control, second-generation bio-ethanol production, textile and dyeing, pharmaceuticals, pulp and paper, animal feed, food processing industries, detergent, and agricultural industries.

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Soil-borne fungi challenge the concept of long-term biochemical recalcitrance of pyrochar

Cited by 36 publications

References 44 publications

Charcoal Fine Residues Effects on Soil Organic Matter Humic Substances, Composition, and Biodegradability

Charcoal Fine Residues Effects on Soil Organic Matter Humic Substances, Composition, and Biodegradability

Anthropogenic-Driven Alterations in Black Carbon Sequestration and the Structure in a Deep Plateau Lake

Comprehensive strategies of Lignocellulolytic enzyme production from microbes and their applications in various commercial-scale faculties

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