Soil solarization: Effects on soil properties, crop fertilization and plant growth

Stapleton, J. J.; Quick, J. S.; DeVay, J. E.

doi:10.1016/0038-0717(85)90075-6

Cited by 81 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Nitrate is produced in the soil from NH 4 + as part of the nitrification process, the microbial oxidation of NH 4 + to nitrite (NO 2 -) and then NO 3 -. Ammonium nitrogen (NH 4 -N) and nitrate nitrogen (NO 3 -N) have been reported to increase after solarization (Chen and Katan 1980;Stapleton et al 1985), and a temporary decrease in nitrifying bacteria after soil solarization has also been found (Wada et al 2008). Any reduction in nitrifying bacteria in soil causes the accumulation of NH 4 -N released from soil microbial biomass and soil organic matter, whereas, normally, NH 4 -N transforms rapidly to NO 3 -N in well-aerated soil.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of soil solarization on subsequent nitrification activity at elevated temperatures

Ihara

Kato

Takahashi

et al. 2014

Soil Science and Plant Nutrition

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Soil solarization is a nonchemical method of soil disinfection achieved by covering the soil surface with sheets of vinyl plastic to generate elevated soil temperature, generally over 45°C. Such elevated temperatures may be detrimental to some nitrifying microorganisms and favorable to others. However, little information exists to indicate how nitrification activity in soil is affected after solarization. We performed several experiments to investigate the effects of soil solarization on nitrification activity. We found that: (1) if a soil was subjected to pretreatment of 45 or 50°C for as little as 1 d, nitrification activity in a subsequent incubation at 30°C was less than that of a soil that did not receive any high-temperature pretreatment. However, if a soil received pretreatments of 45 or 50°C for more than 7 d, nitrification activity in a subsequent incubation at 45 or 50°C was greater than that of soil that did not receive high temperature pretreatment. (2) Nitrification activity in three kinds of soil taken from 0-5 cm depth after solarization treatment was greater at 45°C than 30°C. (3) Nitrification activity at 45°C in soil that had received solarization in the preceding year was greater than that in soil that had not been subjected to solarization. This was consistent with the fact that the population densities of ammonia oxidizers were greater in soils that had been subjected to solarization. These results suggest that soil solarization induces nitrifying microorganisms that are more active at 45-50°C than they are at 30°C, and that the effect of solarization on nitrification persists until the next crop season.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of soil solarization on subsequent nitrification activity at elevated temperatures

Ihara

Kato

Takahashi

et al. 2014

Soil Science and Plant Nutrition

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“…However, some indirect effects, e.g. changes in concentrations of available nutrients (Stapleton et al, 1985) may also contribute to soil solarization effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil solarization for weed control in carrot

Marenco

Lustosa

2000

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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-Soil solarization is a technique used for weed and plant disease control in regions with high levels of solar radiation. The effect of solarization (0, 3, 6, and 9 weeks) upon weed populations, carrot (Daucus carota L. cv. Brasília) yield and nematode infestation in carrot roots was studied in São Luís (2 o 35' S; 44 o 10' W), MA, Brazil, using transparent polyethylene films (100 and 150 µm of thickness). The maximum temperature at 5 cm of depth was about 10 o C warmer in solarized soil than in control plots. In the study 20 weed types were recorded. Solarization reduced weed biomass and density in about 50% of weed species, including Cyperus spp., Chamaecrista nictans var. paraguariensis (Chod & Hassl.) Irwin & Barneby, Marsypianthes chamaedrys (Vahl) O. Kuntze, Mitracarpus sp., Mollugo verticillata L., Sebastiania corniculata M. Arg., and Spigelia anthelmia L. Approximately 40% of species in the weed flora were not affected by soil mulching. Furthermore, seed germination of Commelina benghalensis L. was increased by soil solarization. Marketable yield of carrots was greater in solarized soil than in the unsolarized one. It was concluded that solarization for nine weeks increases carrot yield and is effective for controlling more than half of the weed species recorded. Mulching was not effective for controlling root-knot nematodes in carrot.Index terms: Commelina benghalensis, Cyperus, organic farming, soil heating, mulching, plastic film covers, soil desinfection, nematode controls, sandy soil. SOLARIZAÇÃO DO SOLO PARA O CONTROLE DE PLANTAS DANINHAS NA CULTURA DE CENOURARESUMO -A solarização é uma técnica usada para o controle de plantas daninhas e doenças de plantas em regiões de alta radiação solar. Estudou-se o efeito da solarização (por 0, 3, 6 e 9 semanas) sobre a população de plantas daninhas, a produção de cenoura (Daucus carota L. cv. Brasília) e a infestação das raízes por nematóides. O experimento foi realizado em São Luís, MA, utilizando filmes de plástico com espessuras de 100 e 150 µm. A temperatura máxima a 5 cm de profundidade foi cerca de 10 o C maior nas parcelas solarizadas do que nas testemunhas. Havia 20 tipos de ervas daninhas no experimento. A solarização reduziu a biomassa e densidade das plantas daninhas em 50% das espécies, incluindo Cyperus spp., Chamaecrista nictans var. paraguariensis (Chod & Hassl.) Irwin & Barneby, Marsypianthes chamaedrys (Vahl) O. Kuntze, Mitracarpus sp., Mollugo verticillata L., Sebastiania corniculata M. Arg. e Spigelia anthelmia L. No entanto, foi ineficaz para o controle de 40% das espé-cies vegetais presentes no campo. Além disso, a solarização estimulou a germinação das sementes de Commelina benghalensis L. O rendimento comercial da cenoura foi maior nas parcelas solarizadas do que naquelas não cobertas. Conclui-se que a solarização por nove semanas aumenta o rendimento da cenoura e foi eficiente para o controle de mais da metade das espécies de plantas daninhas no campo. Porém, a cobertura de plástico foi ineficiente para o controle de nematóide...

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“…Em alguns experimentos, foram observados aumentos dos teores de NO 3 -, Mg 2+ , K + e da saturação por bases, além da redução dos teores de H + Al, Cu, Fe e Zn (Quadro 5). O aumento acentuado nos teores de NH 4 + deve estar relacionado com o incremento na mineralização do N orgânico do solo pelo aumento da temperatura, o que favorece também a liberação de Mn e K. Outros autores também observaram aumentos nos teores de NH 4 + , NO 3 -, K + , Ca 2+ e Mg 2+ nos solos solarizados (Stapleton et al, 1985;Katan & DeVay, 1991;Patel & Patel, 1997;Grunzweig et al, 1999). O incremento na disponibilidade de formas inorgânicas de N geralmente estimula o crescimento das plantas, pois esse é o elemento mineral absorvido em maiores quantidades pela maioria dos vegetais.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Efeito da solarização sobre propriedades físicas, químicas e biológicas de solos

Ghini

Patrício

Souza

et al. 2003

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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Soil solarization: Effects on soil properties, crop fertilization and plant growth

Cited by 81 publications

References 9 publications

Effect of soil solarization on subsequent nitrification activity at elevated temperatures

Effect of soil solarization on subsequent nitrification activity at elevated temperatures

Soil solarization for weed control in carrot

Efeito da solarização sobre propriedades físicas, químicas e biológicas de solos

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