Solid acid catalysts based on sulfonated carbon nanostructures embedded in an amorphous matrix produced from bio-oil: esterification of oleic acid with methanol

Ballotin, Fabiane Carvalho; Silva, Márcio José da; Lago, Rochel M.; Teixeira, Ana Paula C.

doi:10.1016/j.jece.2020.103674

Cited by 51 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“… 13 Hence, the investigation of heterogeneous catalytic systems for the production of biodiesel recently has become a research hotspot owing to their high catalytic activity, stability, reusability and easy regeneration, 14 but heterogeneous base catalysts are not suitable for catalyzing free fatty acids and oils with high acid values due to saponification reactions. 15 To this end, several types of heterogeneous acid catalysts such as porous mixed oxides, 16 ionic liquids, 17 and carbon-based catalysts 18 have been proposed for the ease of regeneration and reuse. Unfortunately, the acid density and stability of these heterogeneous catalysts are always unsatisfactory.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MOF-derived zirconia-supported Keggin heteropoly acid nanoporous hybrids as a reusable catalyst for methyl oleate production

et al. 2021

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MOF-derived zirconia-supported Keggin heteropoly acid nanoporous hybrids as a reusable catalyst for methyl oleate production

et al. 2021

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“…Furthermore, the FTIR results clearly show that all three solid acids contain sulfonic acid groups. the vibrational peaks of the SP-150, SP-170, and SP-190 samples at 1225, 1035, 1170, and 1116 cm –1 are all characteristic peaks of sulfonic acid groups (SO 3 H). − Compared to SP-150, the peaks of SP-170 and SP-190 catalysts were more intense at these positions, so it can be expected that the catalysts are better sulfonated at these two temperatures. The intense vibrational peaks of the three solid acids at 3420 cm –1 suggest that the carboxyl/phenol hydroxyl groups from pectin are well-retained during the pyrolysis and sulfonation of pectin, which could allow the catalysts to obtain a higher amount of surface acid and promote the dehydration reaction of xylose.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conversion of Xylose to Furfural Catalyzed by Carbon-Based Solid Acid Prepared from Pectin

Xiong

Zhao

et al. 2021

Energy Fuels

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Furfural is an important platform chemical that can be produced by dehydration of pentose, which is an important building block of lignocellulosic biomass. In this study, xylose was chosen as the reaction substrate, and a carbon-based solid acid prepared from pectin was used as the catalyst in a mixed solvent consisting of water and γ-valerolactone (GVL). FTIR results showed that the sulfonated catalyst had typical characteristic peaks of sulfonic groups, while the results based on NH3-TPD and elemental analysis showed that the sulfonation temperature changed the surface acid concentration and acid site intensity of the catalyst. A furfural yield of 80.4% and a xylose conversion of 100% were obtained at 170 °C for 60 min. The conversions and product yields were influenced by the reaction temperature, reaction time, solvent composition, and catalyst acidity. Different sulfonation temperatures can change the acidity of the catalyst, which determines the catalytic performance of the catalyst.

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“…The mixture of bio-oil and sulfuric acid at a 9.2 weight ratio was prepared, magnetically stirred, and heated to 393 K for different times (15,30,60,90,120, and 240 min). There was a strong expansion, 2 to 3 times in volume, leading to a black porous solid.…”

Section: Synthesis and Characterization Of The Bio-oil Catalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The production and characterization of the acidic carbon catalyst by the bio-oil reaction with sulfuric acid were previously described [26,28,30]. In this work, the focus was to evaluate a new reaction: acetalization of -citronellal with different alkyl alcohols catalyzed by carbon-based solid produced under different conditions.…”

Section: Carbon Acidic Catalysts Production and Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acetalization of β-citronellal over a renewable carbon catalyst obtained from bio-oil sulfonation: a green route to obtain valuable feedstocks

Silva

Lopes

Ballotin

et al. 2023

Preprint

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In this work, an efficient renewable carbon catalyst obtained by sulfonation of bio-oil was used for the first time to produce terpene acetals by condensation of β-citronellal with alkyl alcohols (methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, isopropyl) at room temperature. The catalyst was obtained by a simple bio-oil reaction with sulfuric acid at 393 K for different times (15, 30, 60, 90, 120, and 240 min). Potentiometric titrations and FT-IR analyses showed the formation of very strong acid sites, likely -SO3H, with surface concentrations reaching 0.35 and 0.50 mmol/ gcatal, for the catalyst obtained with reactions 120 and 240 min. These catalysts were used in the β-citronellal condensation with alkyl alcohols to acetals with conversion and selectivity higher than 0 %, at room temperature using 3.96 wt.% catalyst, and 2 h reaction. The effects of temperature, time, different alcohols, and catalyst load were evaluated. The catalyst can be recovered and reused four times without significant activity loss.

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Solid acid catalysts based on sulfonated carbon nanostructures embedded in an amorphous matrix produced from bio-oil: esterification of oleic acid with methanol

Cited by 51 publications

References 54 publications

MOF-derived zirconia-supported Keggin heteropoly acid nanoporous hybrids as a reusable catalyst for methyl oleate production

MOF-derived zirconia-supported Keggin heteropoly acid nanoporous hybrids as a reusable catalyst for methyl oleate production

Conversion of Xylose to Furfural Catalyzed by Carbon-Based Solid Acid Prepared from Pectin

Acetalization of β-citronellal over a renewable carbon catalyst obtained from bio-oil sulfonation: a green route to obtain valuable feedstocks

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