Solid-phase microextraction coupled with capillary electrophoresis to determine ephedrine derivatives in water and urine using a sol–gel derived butyl methacrylate/silicone fiber

Fang, Huaifang; Liu, Mingming; Zeng, Zhaorui

doi:10.1016/j.talanta.2005.06.062

Cited by 56 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…On the other hand, Fang et al [24] proposed an SPME sample treatment previous to the injection into a CE system with UV detection as a chiral sensitive method for doping control of ephedrine derivatives. Although this extractive technique is mainly used in GC where compounds are desorbed from the fiber by applying high temperatures, in this work the analytes (ephedrine derivatives) were extracted from 5 mL of the liquid samples.…”

Section: Off-line Sample Treatment Techniques In Sensitive Chiral Anamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…FASS was performed using an electrokinetic injection of 8 kV for 10 s. Similar LODs, in the 10 26 M range, were obtained by both in-capillary preconcentration techniques. In addition, FASS was applied for in-capillary sample concentration of ephedrine derivatives in water and urine samples [24]. In this work, a study of the performance of the FASS procedure (7 kV for 10 s) using the samples prepared in water enabled to obtain a concentration factor of up to 80-fold compared with the conventional electrokinetic sample injection (7 kV for 10 s), where the samples were dissolved in the separation buffer.…”

Section: In-capillary Preconcentration Techniques Based On Electrophomentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sensitive chiral analysis by CE: An update

et al. 2007

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Sensitive chiral analysis by CE: An updateA general view of the different strategies used in the last years to enhance the detection sensitivity in chiral analysis by CE is provided in this article. With this purpose and in order to update the previous review by García-Ruiz et al., the articles appeared on this subject from January 2005 to March 2007 are considered. Three were the main strategies employed to increase the detection sensitivity in chiral analysis by CE: (i) the use of off-line sample treatment techniques, (ii) the employment of in-capillary preconcentration techniques based on electrophoretic principles, and (iii) the use of alternative detection systems to the widely employed on-column UV-Vis absorption detection. Combinations of two or three of the above-mentioned strategies gave rise to adequate concentration detection limits up to 10 210 M enabling enantiomer analysis in a variety of real samples including complex biological matrices.

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Section: Off-line Sample Treatment Techniques In Sensitive Chiral Anamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: In-capillary Preconcentration Techniques Based On Electrophomentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitive chiral analysis by CE: An update

et al. 2007

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“…Regarding the off-line preconcentration techniques, microextraction techniques, such as liquid-phase microextraction [15][16][17][18] and solid-phase microextraction [19][20][21] were introduced in addition to the conventional LLE and SPE. As a result, the enrichment efficiency was improved and solvent consumption could be reduced.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct chiral analysis of primary amine drugs in human urine by single drop microextraction in‐line coupled to CE

et al. 2009

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Three-phase single drop microextraction (SDME) was in-line coupled to chiral CE of weakly basic amine compounds including amphetamine. SDME was used for the matrix isolation and sample preconcentration in order to directly analyze urine samples with the minimal pretreatment of adding NaOH. A small drop of an acidic aqueous acceptor phase covered with a thin layer of octanol was formed at the tip of a capillary by simple manipulation of the liquid handling functions of a commercial CE instrument. While the saline matrix of the urine sample was blocked by the octanol layer, the basic analytes in a basic aqueous donor phase were concentrated into the acidic acceptor drop through the octanol layer by the driving force of the pH difference between the two aqueous phases. The enantiomers of the enriched amines were resolved by using (+)-(18-crown-6)-tetracarboxylic acid as a chiral selector for the subsequent CE separation. From 10 min SDME with the agitation of the donor phase by a small stirrer retrofit to the CE instrument, enrichment factors were about a 1000-fold, yielding the LOD of 0.5 ng/mL for amphetamine. This low LOD value as well as the convenience of in-line coupled SDME make the proposed scheme well suited for the demanding chiral analysis of amphetamine-type stimulants.

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“…Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) is interesting and alternative technique because it is simple, can be used to extract analytes from very small samples and provides a rapid extraction and transfer to the analytical instrument. Moreover, it can be easily combined with other extraction and/or analytical procedures, improving to a large extent the sensitivity and selectivity of the whole method (Lord & Pawliszyn, 2000;Ouyang & Pawliszyn, 2006;Saito & Jinno, 2003;Fang et al, 2006aFang et al, , 2006b. Even though SPME is becoming an attractive alternative to using SPE, its use in combination with CE is still rather limited.…”

Section: Spe-cementioning

confidence: 99%