Solution-processed ITO nanoparticles as hole-selective electrodes for mesoscopic lead-free perovskite solar cells

Song, Donghoon; Hsu, Liang Yu; Tseng, Chien-Ming; Diau, Eric Wei‐Guang

doi:10.1039/d0ma00860e

Cited by 15 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 59 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Song et al showed such an example by replacing a CE with a screen-printed electrode consisting of indium tin oxide (ITO) nanoparticles. [123] Due to the increased light reflectance of ITO as well as its lower WF, which enhances hole extraction, tin-based PSCs' PCE can be increased from 5.4% when the ITO nanoparticle electrode is used in comparison with 3.0% with a CE.…”

Section: Htm-free Pscsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Non‐Innocent Role of Hole‐Transporting Materials in Perovskite Solar Cells

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Spiro-OMeTAD (2,2 0 ,7,7 0 -tetrakis[N,N-di(4-methoxyphenyl)amino]-9,9 0 -spirobifluorene, from now on simply Spiro) is the most used and applied hole-transporting material (HTM) in perovskite solar cells (PSCs). The reason is straightforward: after opportune formulation (i.e., addition of 4-tert-butylpyridine, tBP, and lithium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)-imide, LiTFSI, as dopants/additives), the planar PSCs normally achieve the highest power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) at lab scale (up to 24%). [1] However, this result is strongly overestimated when compared with the longterm stability of the device: it has been already largely proved by several works that the necessary doping of the organic material augments the hygroscopic character of the layer, thus favoring moisture uptake from the atmosphere and subsequent perovskite film decomposition. [2,3] Combined with its notable cost (nowadays slightly decreasing due to the presence of more producers on the market), [4,5] we can assert that Spiro is only a model/benchmark HTM useful for lab-scale PSC production and testing. This is a pity indeed, because it possesses all the properties required for a good performing HTM: the high glass transition temperature due to the Spiro-type bond, the smooth film morphology that it forms, the relative simple processing, the electrochemical stability, the optical transparency in the visible window, the amorphous nature, the optimal band alignment with the perovskite valence band, and the chemical compatibility with dopants. Despite these very promising properties therefore, the high costs and very low inherent hole conductivity hugely reduce the possible commercialization of Spiro-based PSCs and force scientists to identify new avenues for obtaining long-term stability and for simplifying device processing methods.

show abstract

Section: Htm-free Pscsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Non‐Innocent Role of Hole‐Transporting Materials in Perovskite Solar Cells

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The full sets of Nyquist plots are shown in Figure S11; they were fitted using a suitable equivalent- circuit model. Two semicircles in a Nyquist plot are typically observed from a mesoporous tin PSC; the first and second semicircles are correlated to charge transfer and charge recombination at the perovskite interface, respectively. , The first semicircle was absent in the SAM-based tin PSC, presumably because of rapid charge transfer; it can be associated with high-performance tin PSCs. , We therefore correlated the dominant semicircle shown in Figure S11 with charge recombination. After analysis of these Nyquist plots, the charge recombination resistance is shown as a function of bias voltage in Figure d.…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

“…40 For the characteristic plots of current density versus voltage shown in Figure S2a, PEDOT:PSS suffers from loss in charge transport to an appreciable extent in comparison with the SAM. Furthermore, light harvesting in a long wavelength region (650−900 nm) can be significantly depressed in tin PSCs; 41 light absorption loss by the HTM hence requires improvement. According to the transmittance spectra shown in Figure S2b, the SAMs dissipate only slightly the near-infrared light transmittance, whereas PEDOT:PSS decreases transmittance by 1−6% over the wavelength region 700−1200 nm.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two semicircles in a Nyquist plot are typically observed from a mesoporous tin PSC; the first and second semicircles are correlated to charge transfer and charge recombination at the perovskite interface, respectively. 21,41 The first semicircle was absent in the SAMbased tin PSC, presumably because of rapid charge transfer; 46 it can be associated with high-performance tin PSCs. 11,41 We therefore correlated the dominant semicircle shown in Figure S11 with charge recombination.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…21,41 The first semicircle was absent in the SAMbased tin PSC, presumably because of rapid charge transfer; 46 it can be associated with high-performance tin PSCs. 11,41 We therefore correlated the dominant semicircle shown in Figure S11 with charge recombination. After analysis of these Nyquist plots, the charge recombination resistance is shown as a function of bias voltage in Figure 5d.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Interfacial Engineering with a Hole-Selective Self-Assembled Monolayer for Tin Perovskite Solar Cells via a Two-Step Fabrication

Song

Narra

et al. 2021

ACS Energy Lett.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This work is the first report on a hole-selective tin-based perovskite solar cell (PSC) using the concept of a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) to modify the ITO surface to fabricate a uniform tin perovskite layer via a two-step sequential deposition method. Herein, we developed a preheating procedure to diminish effectively the amounts of hydroxyl groups and oxygen vacancies on the ITO surface to produce a uniform SAM. The ITO substrate preheated at 400 °C gave the best device performance for an efficiency of power conversion (PCE) reaching 6.5%, and 80% of the initial PCE was maintained in a glovebox for ∼1900 h. Electrochemical impedance spectra and time-resolved spectra were used to understand the interfacial charge recombination and holeextraction kinetics in relation to the observed device performance. The present work thus provides a new direction for the development of SAM-based lead-free perovskite solar cells for their future scaled-up production.

show abstract

Highly Stable n–i–p Structured Formamidinium Tin Triiodide Solar Cells through the Stabilization of Surface Sn²⁺ Cations

Risqi

et al. 2023

Adv Funct Materials

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Improving the performance, reproducibility, and stability of Sn-based perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with n-i-p structures is an important challenge. Spiro-OMeTAD [2,2′,7,7′-tetrakis(N,N-di-p-methoxyphenyl-amine)9,9′-spirobifluorene], a hole transporting material (HTM) with n-i-p structure, requires the oxygen exposure after addition of Li-TFSI [Lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide] as a dopant to increase the hole concentration. In Sn-based PSC, Sn 2+ is easily oxidized to Sn 4+ under such a condition, resulting in a sharp decrease in efficiency. Herein, a formamidinium tin triiodide (FASnI 3 )-based PSCs fabricated using DPI-TPFB [4-Isopropyl-4′-methyldiphenyliodonium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate] instead of Li-TFSI are reported as a dopant in Spiro-OMeTAD. The DPI-TPFB enables the fabrication of PSCs with an efficiency of up to 10.9%, the highest among FASnI 3 -based PSCs with n-i-p structures. Moreover, ≈80% of the initial efficiency is maintained even after 1,597 h under maximum power point tracking conditions. In particular, the encapsulated device does not show any decrease in efficiency even after holding for 50 h in the 85 °C/85% RH condition. The high efficiency and excellent stability of PSCs prepared by doping with DPI-TPFB are attributed to not only increasing electrical conductivity by acting as a Lewis acid, but also stabilizing Sn 2+ through coordination with Sn 2+ on the surface of FASnI 3 .

show abstract

Solution-processed ITO nanoparticles as hole-selective electrodes for mesoscopic lead-free perovskite solar cells

Abstract: All-solution-processable ITO nanoparticulate electrodes were developed to replace carbon electrodes in mesoscopic hybrid tin-based PSCs to attain a record efficiency of 5.4%.

Cited by 15 publications

References 59 publications

The Non‐Innocent Role of Hole‐Transporting Materials in Perovskite Solar Cells

The Non‐Innocent Role of Hole‐Transporting Materials in Perovskite Solar Cells

Interfacial Engineering with a Hole-Selective Self-Assembled Monolayer for Tin Perovskite Solar Cells via a Two-Step Fabrication

Highly Stable n–i–p Structured Formamidinium Tin Triiodide Solar Cells through the Stabilization of Surface Sn²⁺ Cations

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Solution-processed ITO nanoparticles as hole-selective electrodes for mesoscopic lead-free perovskite solar cells

Abstract: All-solution-processable ITO nanoparticulate electrodes were developed to replace carbon electrodes in mesoscopic hybrid tin-based PSCs to attain a record efficiency of 5.4%.

Cited by 15 publications

References 59 publications

The Non‐Innocent Role of Hole‐Transporting Materials in Perovskite Solar Cells

The Non‐Innocent Role of Hole‐Transporting Materials in Perovskite Solar Cells

Interfacial Engineering with a Hole-Selective Self-Assembled Monolayer for Tin Perovskite Solar Cells via a Two-Step Fabrication

Highly Stable n–i–p Structured Formamidinium Tin Triiodide Solar Cells through the Stabilization of Surface Sn2+ Cations

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Highly Stable n–i–p Structured Formamidinium Tin Triiodide Solar Cells through the Stabilization of Surface Sn²⁺ Cations