Solvent dependent competition between fluorescence resonance energy transfer and through bond energy transfer in rhodamine appended hexaphenylbenzene derivatives for sensing of Hg2+ ions

Abstract

Hexaphenylbenzene (HPB) derivatives 5 and 7 having rhodamine B moieties have been designed and synthesized, and have been shown to display solvent dependent. Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) and through bond energy transfer (TBET) in the presence of Hg(2+) ions among the various cations (Cu(2+), Pb(2+), Zn(2+), Ni(2+), Cd(2+), Ag(+), Ba(2+), Mg(2+), K(+), Na(+), and Li(+)) have been tested. Derivative 5 displays quite high through bond energy transfer efficiency in the presence of Hg(2+) ions in methanol whereas derivative 7 exhibits better FRET efficiency in the presence of Hg(2+) ions in THF and CH(3)CN than derivative 5.

AIEgens for dark through-bond energy transfer: design, synthesis, theoretical study and application in ratiometric Hg2+ sensing

“…41,42 The meso -phenyl ring exhibits a large twisting angle to the rhodamine core plane due to steric hindrance, which makes the donor and acceptor non-conjugated and the cassettes function as a typical TBET system. 43–45 …”

A new FRET ratiometric fluorescent chemosensor for Hg2+ and its application in living EC 109 cells

“…As the change in fluorescence intensity is the only detection signal, variations in the sample environment (concentration, temperature, pH, and so on) might influence the fluorescence intensity measurements. To eliminate these effects, a ratiometric fluorescent measurement is desirable [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25]. Ratiometric chemosensors are exceptionally useful, as they can provide built-in correction for environmental factors by measuring the changes of emission intensities ratios at two different wavelengths.…”

Aggregates of a hetero-oligophenylene derivative as reactors for the generation of palladium nanoparticles: a potential catalyst in the Sonogashira coupling reaction under aerial conditions

“…To understand the influence of scaffold on morphology and catalytic activity of generated metal nanoparticles, we also synthesized heteroligophenylene derivatives 4 8 and 5 12 (Fig. 2).…”