Somaclonal Variation: Mechanism and Applications in Crop Improvement

Brar, D. S.; Jain, S. Mohan

doi:10.1007/978-94-015-9125-6_2

Cited by 70 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 102 publications

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“…Plant tissue culture is recognized as a source to generate useful genetic variability (somaclonal variation) for crop improvement (Brar, Jain, 1998;Larkin, Scowcroft, 1981). The somaclonal variations in eggplant are caused by the hormonal concentrations in culture medium (Rotino et al, 1991).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indirect Shoot Organogenesis of Eggplant (Solanum Melongena L.)

Zayova¹,

Vassilevska-Ivanova²,

Kraptchev³

et al. 2012

JCEA

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A protocol for indirect shoot organogenesis of Solanum melongena 'Larga Negra' and 'Black Beauty' was established using hypocotyl and cotyledon derived calluses. The maximum morphogenic callus induction was observed from cultured cotyledons of 30-days old seedlings on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing 2.0 mg/l α-naphthalene acetic acid and 0.5 mg/l 6-benzylaminopurine. The highest percentage of shoot regeneration and the highest mean number of shoots/callus were obtained on hormone-free MS medium. In terms of callus induction and subsequent plant regeneration, cotyledon explants were more responsive than hypocotyl explants. Regenerated shoots (2-3 cm) were rooted on MS hormone-free medium or medium containing 0.1 mg/l indole-3-butyric acid. About 90% of regenerated plantlets survived under field conditions after hardening in the glasshouse. Several somaclones exhibiting useful variation would to be proposed as initial plant material for eggplant breeding programs.Keywords: callus tissue, eggplant, explants, growth regulator, plant regeneration, somaclonal variation Abbreviations: BAP (6-benzylaminopurine), IAA (indole acetic acid), IBA (indole-3-butyric acid), Kn (kinetin), NAA (α-naphthalene acetic acid), PGRs (plant growth regulators), TDZ (thidiazuron), 2,4-D (2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) РЕЗЮМЕ Разработена е ефективна система за растителна регенерация чрез индиректен органогенезис при два сорта патладжан (Solanum melongena), която представлява източник на нови форми растения, ценни като изходен материал за селекционни програми. Подробно са описани всички етапи и условия на култивиране, които водят до получаването на растителни регенеранти и успешно развитие в полски уславия.Ключови думи: експланти, калусна тъкан, патладжан, растежен регулатор, регенерация на растенията, сомаклонално вариране 446Journal of Central European Agriculture, 2012, 13(3), p.446-457 DOI: 10.5513/JCEA01/13.3.1070 РАЗШИРЕНО РЕЗЮМЕ Разработен е протокол за индиректен органогенезис при Solanum melongena от калусни култури, получени от два вида експланти (хипокотили и котиледони). В изследването са включени два сорта патладжан -Larga Negra и Black Beauty. Индуциране на морфогенетичен калус е наблюдаван при котиледони от 30-дневни кълнове, култивирани върху среда Murashige and Skoog (MS), съдържаща 2.0 mg/l α-нафтилоцетна киселина и 0.5 mg/l 6-бензиламинопурин. Определени са цвета, консистенцията и структурата на калуса. Преобладаващата част от експлантите формират калус на 14-15 ден от култивирането. Най-висок процент на регенерация и среден брой пъпки от калус са получени на МС среда без фитохормони. Установено е, че отговорът на котиледоните към формиране на калуси и последваща растителна регенерация е по-висок от този на хипокотилите. Растенията-регенеранти са вкоренени на МС среда без растежен регулатор или на среда, съдържаща 0.1 mg/l индолилмаслена киселина. Степента на преживяемост на регенерантите при полски условия е около 90 %. Получени са сомаклонални вариации, които биха могли да бъдат използвани като изх...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indirect Shoot Organogenesis of Eggplant (Solanum Melongena L.)

Zayova¹,

Vassilevska-Ivanova²,

Kraptchev³

et al. 2012

JCEA

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“…However, depending on the plant species and genotype, somaclonal variation can also occur in embryogenic cultures, if the embryos are kept in cultures for an extended period. Generally, the longer the culture phase, the greater the potential to generate somaclonal variation (Brar and Jain 1998). In this study, about 12,000 emblings were produced in vitro from a single immature zygotic embryo of Sawara cypress within a short time, and 200 regenerated emblings were successfully acclimatized to undergo field testing ( Figure 1D).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Screening RAPD primers to assess clonal fidelity in somatic embryos of Sawara cypress (<i>Chamaecyparis pisifera</i> Sieb. et Zucc.) and field performance of somatic embryo-derived trees

Hosoi

Kuramoto

Maruyama

2015

Plant Biotechnology

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In this study, 100 random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) primers were screened to assess clonal fidelity in somatic embryos of Sawara cypress (Chamaecyparis pisifera Sieb. et Zucc.). Of the 100 primers tested, eight were selected based on their amplification products, which showed clear DNA fragmentation, generating 8.75 bands per primer in average. The amplification products showed no genetic variation among the tested somatic embryos. In addition, the performance of somatic embryo-derived trees was monitored in the field, and their mean height growth was measured until the age of 10 years. Although no phenotypic differences were observed, the somatic embryo-derived trees showed lower growth compared with seedlings.

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“…Mulberry is a cross pollinated and heterozygous plant, induced mutations creates a new genetic variations in leaf area at different doses were due to genetic mutation instead of somatic mutation. Somatic mutation occurs when the mutant cell continues to divide, the individual cell contain a patch of tissue with genotype different from cells of the rest of the body (Brar and Jain, 1998). These include karyotype changes, point mutations, somatic crossing over, somatic gene arrangement, changes in DNA amplification and segregation of preexisting chimera tissue (Kearsey and Pooni, 1996).The abnormalities observed in leaves is due to various causes such as disturbances in phytochromes, chromosomal aberrations, mitotic inhibition, disrupted auxin synthesis, disturbance in DNA synthesis etc.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of different doses of gamma radiation on growth parameters of Mulberry (Morus) variety Kosen

Ramesh¹,

Murthy²,

Munirajappa

2012

JANS

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The present study was carried out to evaluate the effect of different doses of gamma radiations(1kR-10kR from co 60 )on different growth parameters of mulberry variety Kosen.Overall results revealed that a declined trend in all the growth parameters i.e. sprouting (83.66%-18.66%), rooting (77.96%-19.59%), height of the plant (105.00 cm-58.03 cm), number of the branches (7.73-4.23), intermodal distance (3.76 cm-3.94 cm), petiole length (2.89 cm-2.59 cm) and pollen fertility (77.93%-40.66%) were recorded and showed a deleterious effect. But the response of growth parameters against different doses showed variant behaviour in case of rooting as constant declined trend was not observed. Similarly fluctuating state has been found in other growth parameters also.

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Somaclonal Variation: Mechanism and Applications in Crop Improvement

Cited by 70 publications

References 102 publications

Indirect Shoot Organogenesis of Eggplant (Solanum Melongena L.)

Indirect Shoot Organogenesis of Eggplant (Solanum Melongena L.)

Screening RAPD primers to assess clonal fidelity in somatic embryos of Sawara cypress (<i>Chamaecyparis pisifera</i> Sieb. et Zucc.) and field performance of somatic embryo-derived trees

Effect of different doses of gamma radiation on growth parameters of Mulberry (Morus) variety Kosen

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