Somatotopic Organization of Human Secondary Somatosensory Cortex

Ruben, Jurjen M.; Schwiemann, Jessica; Deuchert, Michael; Meyer, Robert; Krause, Tina; Curio, Gabriel; Villringer, Kersten; Kurth, Ralf; Villringer, Arno

doi:10.1093/cercor/11.5.463

Cited by 262 publications

(191 citation statements)

References 78 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

162

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Another finger representation is located medial and superior to the lip and face representations in the postcentral gyrus, and it extends into the ventral postcentral sulcus. We suggest that this finger representation overlaps with the ventral part of S-I digit representations (27,28) and a parietal hand area at the confluence of ventral postcentral sulcus and anterior intraparietal sulcus (25,(30)(31)(32). An area of the toe representation partially overlaps with the superior part of the face representation in the central sulcus bilaterally.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 78%

Mapping multisensory parietal face and body areas in humans

Huang¹,

Chen²,

Tran

et al. 2012

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

123

162

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Detection and avoidance of impending obstacles is crucial to preventing head and body injuries in daily life. To safely avoid obstacles, locations of objects approaching the body surface are usually detected via the visual system and then used by the motor system to guide defensive movements. Mediating between visual input and motor output, the posterior parietal cortex plays an important role in integrating multisensory information in peripersonal space. We used functional MRI to map parietal areas that see and feel multisensory stimuli near or on the face and body. Tactile experiments using full-body air-puff stimulation suits revealed somatotopic areas of the face and multiple body parts forming a higher-level homunculus in the superior posterior parietal cortex. Visual experiments using wide-field looming stimuli revealed retinotopic maps that overlap with the parietal face and body areas in the postcentral sulcus at the most anterior border of the dorsal visual pathway. Starting at the parietal face area and moving medially and posteriorly into the lower-body areas, the median of visual polar-angle representations in these somatotopic areas gradually shifts from near the horizontal meridian into the lower visual field. These results suggest the parietal face and body areas fuse multisensory information in peripersonal space to guard an individual from head to toe.self-defense | multisensory homunculus | wearable stimulation

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 78%

Mapping multisensory parietal face and body areas in humans

Huang¹,

Chen²,

Tran

et al. 2012

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

123

162

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The obtained BSM results thus likely reflect a compound measure of skeletomuscular and visceral sensations, as well as the effects of autonomic nervous system, which the individuals 0 0 cannot separate. As several subareas of the human cortical somatosensory network contain somatotopic representations of the body (24), specific combinations of somatosensory and visceral afferent inputs could play a central role in building up emotional feelings. It must nevertheless be emphasized that we do not argue that the BSMs highlighted in this series of experiments would be the only components underlying emotional experience.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bodily maps of emotions

Nummenmaa

Glerean²,

Hari

et al. 2013

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

692

583

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Emotions are often felt in the body, and somatosensory feedback has been proposed to trigger conscious emotional experiences. Here we reveal maps of bodily sensations associated with different emotions using a unique topographical self-report method. In five experiments, participants (n = 701) were shown two silhouettes of bodies alongside emotional words, stories, movies, or facial expressions. They were asked to color the bodily regions whose activity they felt increasing or decreasing while viewing each stimulus. Different emotions were consistently associated with statistically separable bodily sensation maps across experiments. These maps were concordant across West European and East Asian samples. Statistical classifiers distinguished emotion-specific activation maps accurately, confirming independence of topographies across emotions. We propose that emotions are represented in the somatosensory system as culturally universal categorical somatotopic maps. Perception of these emotion-triggered bodily changes may play a key role in generating consciously felt emotions.embodiment | feelings | somatosensation W e often experience emotions directly in the body. When strolling through the park to meet with our sweetheart we walk lightly with our hearts pounding with excitement, whereas anxiety might tighten our muscles and make our hands sweat and tremble before an important job interview. Numerous studies have established that emotion systems prepare us to meet challenges encountered in the environment by adjusting the activation of the cardiovascular, skeletomuscular, neuroendocrine, and autonomic nervous system (ANS) (1). This link between emotions and bodily states is also reflected in the way we speak of emotions (2): a young bride getting married next week may suddenly have "cold feet," severely disappointed lovers may be "heartbroken," and our favorite song may send "a shiver down our spine." Both classic (3) and more recent (4, 5) models of emotional processing assume that subjective emotional feelings are triggered by the perception of emotion-related bodily states that reflect changes in the skeletomuscular, neuroendocrine, and autonomic nervous systems (1). These conscious feelings help the individuals to voluntarily fine-tune their behavior to better match the challenges of the environment (6). Although emotions are associated with a broad range of physiological changes (1, 7), it is still hotly debated whether the bodily changes associated with different emotions are specific enough to serve as the basis for discrete emotional feelings, such as anger, fear, or happiness (8, 9), and the topographical distribution of the emotion-related bodily sensations has remained unknown.Here we reveal maps of bodily sensations associated with different emotions using a unique computer-based, topographical self-report method (emBODY, Fig. 1). Participants (n = 701) were shown two silhouettes of bodies alongside emotional words, stories, movies, or facial expressions, and they were asked to color the bodily regions...

show abstract

“…Immediately adjacent to VIP, we found strong evidence for passive finger somatotopy in an area just inferior to the confluence of postcentral and intraparietal sulci. This area has been labeled PP (posterior parietal) by Ruben et al (2001) and "PostCS" region by Culham (2003). We suggest that this area may correspond to a human homologue of AIP (Binkofski et al, 1998;Culham et al, 2006;Frey et al, 2005;Lewis and Van Essen, 2000).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies using fMRI have revealed somatotopic representations of the hand, fingers, wrist, elbow, shoulder, foot, toes, lips, and tongue in human brains (Alkadhi et al, 2002;Beisteiner et al, 2001;Blankenburg et al, 2003;Dechent and Frahm, 2003;Francis et al, 2000;Gelnar et al, 1998;Golaszewski et al, 2006;Hanakawa et al, 2005;Hlustik et al, 2001;Kurth et al, 2000;Lotze et al, 2000;McGlone et al, 2002;Miyamoto et al, 2006;Moore et al, 2000a;Overduin and Servos, 2004;Ruben et al, 2001;Servos et al, 1998;Stippich et al, 1999Stippich et al, , 2004van Westen et al, 2004; also see reviews in Burton, 2002). The human face contains important sensory organs and is essential for verbal and nonverbal communications in daily life.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dodecapus: An MR-compatible system for somatosensory stimulation

Huang

Sereno

2007

NeuroImage

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Somatotopic mapping of human body surface using fMRI is challenging. First, it is difficult to deliver tactile stimuli in the scanner. Second, multiple stimulators are often required to cover enough area of the complex-shaped body surface, such as the face. In this study, a computer-controlled pneumatic system was constructed to automatically deliver air puffs to 12 locations on the body surface through an MR-compatible manifold (Dodecapus) mounted on a head coil inside the scanner bore. The timing of each air-puff channel is completely programmable and this allows systematic and precise stimulation on multiple locations on the body surface during functional scans. Three two-condition block-design "Localizer" paradigms were employed to localize the cortical representations of the face, lips, and fingers, respectively. Three "Phase-encoded" paradigms were employed to map the detailed somatotopic organizations of the face, lips, and fingers following each "Localizer" paradigm. Multiple somatotopic representations of the face, lips, and fingers were localized and mapped in primary motor cortex (MI), ventral premotor cortex (PMv), polysensory zone (PZ), primary (SI) and secondary (SII) somatosensory cortex, parietal ventral area (PV) and 7b, as well as anterior and ventral intraparietal areas (AIP and VIP). The Dodecapus system is portable, easy to setup, generates no radio frequency interference, and can also be used for EEG and MEG experiments. This system could be useful for non-invasive somatotopic mapping in both basic and clinical studies.

show abstract

Somatotopic Organization of Human Secondary Somatosensory Cortex

Cited by 262 publications

References 78 publications

Mapping multisensory parietal face and body areas in humans

Mapping multisensory parietal face and body areas in humans

Bodily maps of emotions

Dodecapus: An MR-compatible system for somatosensory stimulation

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About