Spatial analysis of a hydrocarbon waste‐remediating landfarm demonstrates influence of management practices on bacterial and fungal community structure

Abstract

Summary Cultivation of dedicated soil plots called ‘landfarms' is an effective technology for bioremediation of hydrocarbon waste generated by various industrial practices. To understand the influence of soil conditions on landfarm microbial communities, analysis of bacterial and fungal community structure using next‐generation sequencing at different sections and depths was performed across a hydrocarbon‐waste landfarm in Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada. While a core set of hydrocarbon‐associated bacterial and fungal taxa are present throughout the landfarm, unique bacterial and fungal operational taxonomic units are differentially abundant at sections within the landfarm, which correlate with differences in soil physiochemical properties and management practices. Increased frequency of waste application resulted in strong positive correlations between bacterial community assemblages and elevated amounts of oil, grease and F3 – F4 hydrocarbon fractions. In areas of standing water and lower application of hydrocarbon, microbial community structure correlated with soil pH, trace nutrients and metals. Overall, diversity and structure of bacterial communities remain relatively stable across the landfarm, while in contrast, fungal community structure appears more responsive to soil oxygen conditions. Results are consistent with the hypothesis that years of bioremediation activity have shaped microbial communities; however, several management practices can be undertaken to increase efficiency of remediation, including the removal of standing water and soil tilling across the landfarm.

Great Abilities of Shinella zoogloeoides Strain from a Landfarming Soil for Crude Oil Degradation and a Synergy Model for Alginate-Bead-Entrapped Consortium Efficiency

“…The high throughput sequencing of the landfarming soil in the present work indicated the presence of bacterial hydrocarbon-degrading groups, such as Actinomycetales and Burkholderiales [ 27 ]. In accordance with our results, Actinomycetales were also reported as the dominant sub-group in Actinobacteria taxon in landfarming-treated soils [ 28 , 29 ]. The presence of these orders in addition to other taxonomic groups associated with hydrocarbon contamination, such as Gammaproteobacteria, Microbacteriaceae, Mycobacterium , Gordonia , and Pseudomonas [ 14 , 27 , 29 ], indicate the positive potential of the bacterial communities in LF2 for bioremediation strategies.…”

“…In accordance with our results, Actinomycetales were also reported as the dominant sub-group in Actinobacteria taxon in landfarming-treated soils [ 28 , 29 ]. The presence of these orders in addition to other taxonomic groups associated with hydrocarbon contamination, such as Gammaproteobacteria, Microbacteriaceae, Mycobacterium , Gordonia , and Pseudomonas [ 14 , 27 , 29 ], indicate the positive potential of the bacterial communities in LF2 for bioremediation strategies. In this context, bacterial strains were isolated from LF2 in order to build a consortium.…”

Rhizobial nitrogen fixation efficiency shapes endosphere bacterial communities and Medicago truncatula host growth

“…5 D), perhaps reflecting that bacterial belowground recruitment is more dependent on soil nutrition. Our results from these agricultural soils represent important confirmations of studies from controlled environments [ 57 ] and highlight the impact of modern agriculture practices on soil microbial community structure [ 58 ]. There are some recent studies that point to decreased ecosystem functioning in soils with reduced alpha diversity [ 59 ], although the long-term effects of soil fertilisation in plant production and resilience have yet to be fully examined.…”

Application of Brown Coal and Activated Carbon for the Immobilization of Metal Forms in Soil, along with Their Verification Using Generalized Linear Models (GLMs)

“…Lane [47] discussed the model adjustment process based on the effect which fertilizer dose has on nitrogen content in soil samples. Bergsveison et al in 2019 [48] used GLM model to show how bacterial diversity is significantly higher in surface soil within landfarm sections.…”