Spatial and seasonal variations of biogenic tracer compounds in ambient PM10 and PM1 samples in Berlin, Germany

Wagener, Sandra; Langner, Marcel; Hansen, Ute; Moriske, Heinz-Jörn; Endlicher, Wilfried

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.11.044

Cited by 42 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…The levoglucosan concentration in this study was found to be significantly higher when compared to results from dos Santos et al (2002), Simpson et al (2004), Puxbaum et al (2007), Fartas et al (2009), Sang et al (2011) and Wagener et al (2012. The lower levoglucosan concentrations in the other studies are conceivable, due to the aerosol monitoring that was undertaken in the surrounding areas within 24 h; however, this study directly monitored the emissions from peat combustion.…”

Section: Levoglucosancontrasting

confidence: 70%

Dust and Gas Emissions from Small-Scale Peat Combustion

Othman

Latif

2013

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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While peatland has long been exploited for agricultural activities, these make it vulnerable to fires, which emit pollutants into the atmosphere and adversely affect air quality. The aim of this study was thus to determine the main composition of air pollutants from peat soil combustion. The main parameters of the related gas pollutants, e.g., SO 2 , NO 2 , CO, O 3 and PM 10 , and their components, such as anions, cations, heavy metals and levoglucosan, have been determined. The gas concentration was determined using the colorimetric method after the air had been assimilated into absorbing solutions. The PM 10 concentration was established using a low volume air sampler equipped with weighted filter paper. The anion concentration of PM 10 was analyzed using ion chromatography, while the cation and heavy metal concentrations were ascertained using inductively couple plasma-mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS). Moreover, the concentration of levoglucosan was determined using the Anthrone-Sulfuric Colorimetric method. The results show that the dominant gas from the emission of burning peat soil was CO (13850-20610 μg/

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Section: Levoglucosancontrasting

confidence: 70%

Dust and Gas Emissions from Small-Scale Peat Combustion

Othman

Latif

2013

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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“…A method similar to that in Yin et al (2010) and Wagener et al (2012) has been applied but modified for the detection of levoglucosan. In brief, one quarter of the Digitel quartz fibre filter sample was spiked with an internal standard (IS), methyl-beta-D-xylopyranoside (from Sigma-Aldrich Ltd) and extracted with DCM and methanol (2 : 1) under mild sonication at room temperature.…”

Section: The Potassium Ion and Levoglucosan Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Size distribution, mixing state and source apportionment of black carbon aerosol in London during wintertime

et al. 2014

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Abstract. Black carbon aerosols (BC) at a London urban site were characterised in both winter-and summertime 2012 during the Clean Air for London (ClearfLo) project. Positive matrix factorisation (PMF) factors of organic aerosol mass spectra measured by a high-resolution aerosol mass spectrometer (HR-AMS) showed traffic-dominant sources in summer but in winter the influence of additional non-traffic sources became more important, mainly from solid fuel sources (SF). Measurements using a single particle soot photometer (SP2, DMT), showed the traffic-dominant BC exhibited an almost uniform BC core size (D c ) distribution with very thin coating thickness throughout the detectable range of D c . However, the size distribution of D c (project average mass median D c = 149 ± 22 nm in winter, and 120 ± 6 nm in summer) and BC coating thickness varied significantly in winter. A novel methodology was developed to attribute the BC number concentrations and mass abundances from traffic (BC tr ) and from SF (BC sf ), by using a 2-D histogram of the particle optical properties as a function of BC core size, as measured by the SP2. The BC tr and BC sf showed distinctly different D c distributions and coating thicknesses, with BC sf displaying larger D c and larger coating thickness compared to BC tr . BC particles from different sources were also apportioned by applying a multiple linear regression between the total BC mass and each AMS-PMF factor (BC-AMS-PMF method), and also attributed by applying the absorption spectral dependence of carbonaceous aerosols to 7-wavelength Aethalometer measurements (Aethalometer method).Air masses that originated from westerly (W), southeasterly (SE), and easterly (E) sectors showed BC sf fractions that ranged from low to high, and whose mass median D c values were 137 ± 10 nm, 143 ± 11 nm and 169 ± 29 nm, respectively. The corresponding bulk relative coating thickness of BC (coated particle size/BC core -D p /D c ) for these same sectors was 1.28 ± 0.07, 1.45 ± 0.16 and 1.65 ± 0.19. For W, SE and E air masses, the number fraction of BC sf ranged from 6 ± 2 % to 11 ± 5 % to 18 ± 10 %, respectively, but importantly the larger BC core sizes lead to an increased fraction of BC sf in terms of mass than number (for W, SE and E air masses, the BC sf mass fractions ranged from 16 ± 6 %, 24 ± 10 % and 39 ± 14 %, respectively). An increased fraction of non-BC particles (particles that did not contain a BC core) was also observed when SF sources were more significant. The BC mass attribution by the SP2 method agreed well with the BC-AMS-PMF multiple linear regression method (BC-AMS-PMF : SP2 ratio = 1.05, r 2 = 0.80) over the entire experimental period. Good agreement was found between BC sf attributed with the Aethalometer model and the Published by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union. D. Liu et al.: Size distribution, mixing state and source apportionment of BC in LondonSP2. However, the assumed absorption Ångström exponent (α wb ) had to be changed according to the d...

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“…Compounds included, amongst others, were the α-pinene markers pinic and pinonic acid and the isoprene markers 2-methyltreitol and 2-methylerythritol as biogenic secondary compounds and levoglucosan as marker for biomass burning. The methodology of single compound analysis has been reported in detail in Wagener et al [22].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Aerosols were collected on quartz-fiber filters (Pallflex, Tissuquartz 2500QAT-UP, 47 mm) using low-volume samplers (LVS3.1, Derenda) at a flow rate of 2. . For more detailed information about the sampling sites and sample collection see Wagener et al [22]. NO x -concentrations for similar urban measurement stations close to the HV and regV sites were provided by the "BLUME" meteorological network of Berlin, which is operated by the Senate Department for Urban Development and the Environment.…”

Section: Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…OC and EC-PM 10 and PM 1 data were obtained from three measurement sites characterized by different vegetation influences in the city of Berlin from February to October 2010. The results of the EC-tracer method are assessed by comparing them to those determined by PMF-analysis in a previous study, which was based on the detection of single, mainly biogenic compounds determined for the same samples [14,22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessing the Influence of Seasonal and Spatial Variations on the Estimation of Secondary Organic Carbon in Urban Particulate Matter by Applying the EC-Tracer Method

et al. 2014

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Abstract:The elemental carbon (EC)-tracer method was applied to PM 10 and PM 1 data of three sampling sites in the City of Berlin from February to October 2010. The sites were characterized by differing exposure to traffic and vegetation. The aim was to determine the secondary organic carbon (SOC) concentration and to describe the parameters influencing the application of the EC-tracer method. The evaluation was based on comparisons with results obtained from positive matrix factorization (PMF) applied to the same samples. To obtain site-and seasonal representative primary OC/EC-ratios ([OC/EC] p ), the EC-tracer method was performed separately for each station, and additionally discrete for samples with high and low contribution of biomass burning. Estimated SOC-concentrations for all stations were between 11% and 33% of total OC. SOC-concentrations obtained with PMF exceeded EC-tracer results more than 100% at the park in the period with low biomass OPEN ACCESSAtmosphere 2014, 5 253 burning emissions in PM 10 . The deviations were besides others attributed to the high ratio of biogenic to combustion emissions and to direct exposure to vegetation. The occurrences of biomass burning emissions in contrast lead to increased SOC-concentrations compared to PMF in PM 10 . The obtained results distinguish that the EC-tracer-method provides well comparable results with PMF if sites are strongly influenced by one characteristic primary combustion source, but was found to be adversely influenced by direct and relatively high biogenic emissions.

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Spatial and seasonal variations of biogenic tracer compounds in ambient PM10 and PM1 samples in Berlin, Germany

Cited by 42 publications

References 45 publications

Dust and Gas Emissions from Small-Scale Peat Combustion

Dust and Gas Emissions from Small-Scale Peat Combustion

Size distribution, mixing state and source apportionment of black carbon aerosol in London during wintertime

Assessing the Influence of Seasonal and Spatial Variations on the Estimation of Secondary Organic Carbon in Urban Particulate Matter by Applying the EC-Tracer Method

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