Spatial language and spatial representation

Hayward, William G.; Tarr, Michael J.

doi:10.1016/0010-0277(94)00643-y

Cited by 230 publications

(169 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…One explanation of these results lies in the neural basis of mental images of geometric figures. Previous studies have shown that words referring to spatial representations can elicit the processing of spatial figures (e.g., Hayward and Tarr, 1995;Mani and Johnson-Laird, 1982) and that spatial processing is subserved by the parietal cortex (e.g., Hilgetag et al, 2001), especially the inferior parietal lobule (e.g., Alivisatos and Petrides, 1997;Carpenter et al, 1999). Geometric terms as well as numbers also had greater activation than algebraic terms and tool words at the posterior superior parietal lobe as shown in the ROI analysis based on Dehaene et al's three parietal circuit model.…”

Section: The Intraparietal Sulcus and The Processing Of Mathematical mentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural correlates of numbers and mathematical terms

2012

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Numerical processing has been demonstrated to be subserved typically by the brain regions around the bilateral intraparietal sulcus (IPS). The goal of the current study was to investigate whether the processing of mathematical terms shared the same brain regions with numerical processing. Healthy adult participants performed semantic distance judgment tasks on five types of materials, including geometric terms, algebraic terms, linguistic terms, words for tools and other common objects, and Arabic numbers. Brain activation was measured with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). The results showed that geometric terms had greater activation than algebraic terms, linguistic terms and tool words in the horizontal IPS, but algebraic terms did not have greater activation than linguistic terms and tool words in this region. Arabic numbers showed greater activation than non-number materials (including geometric terms, algebraic terms, linguistic terms and tool words) in the bilateral IPS, right inferior frontal gyrus and bilateral middle frontal gyrus, but the non-number materials showed stronger activation in the left inferior frontal gyrus and left middle temporal gyrus. These results suggest that the brain area for the processing of numbers (the left IPS) seems to be involved in semantic processing of geometric terms, but not that of other mathematical terms such as algebraic terms. Both algebraic and geometric terms share similar brain organization with basic semantic processing in the left temporal and frontal regions.

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Section: The Intraparietal Sulcus and The Processing Of Mathematical mentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural correlates of numbers and mathematical terms

2012

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“…Moreover, the actual evidence for viewpoint-invariance in human visual recognition (as predicted by RBC) is somewhat thin -the most notable experiments that obtain viewpoint invariance for rotations in depth 1 (Biederman and Gerhardstein, 1993) having only limited generalizabilty to other recognition tasks and stimulus sets (Hayward and Tarr, 1995;Tarr and Bülthoff, 1995;Tarr et al, 1997). In contrast, psychophysical and neurophysiological studies from the late 1980s and early 1990s offer a somewhat different conclusion -under a wide variety of experimental conditions, human object recognition performance is strongly viewpoint-dependent across rotations in depth Edelman and Bülthoff, 1992;Humphrey and Khan, 1992;Tarr, 1995).…”

Section: Models Of Recognitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Image-based object recognition in man, monkey and machine

1998

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“…In both tasks, accuracy was greatest when the locatum was on a perpendicular axis. From this, Hayward and Tarr (1995) conclude that verbal and non-verbal categories have the same prototype structure. In contrast, Crawford et al (2000) and Huttenlocher et al (1991) presented experiments addressing estimation bias effects in memory tasks.…”

Section: Spatial Relations and Their Categorizationmentioning

confidence: 73%

“…While Hayward and Tarr (1995) claim that both verbal and non-verbal categories have the same prototype structure, there is compelling evidence that linguistic prototypes for horizontal and vertical directions can correspond to boundaries in non-linguistic categorization (Crawford et al, 2000;Huttenlocher et al, 1991;Klippel and Montello, 2007). This may be due to differences in the specific task and analysis procedures.…”

Section: Spatial Relations and Their Categorizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This may be due to differences in the specific task and analysis procedures. Hayward and Tarr (1995) showed participants images with configurations of schematic objects. Participants replicated the position of the locatum on a sheet of paper showing only the relatum, or judged the similarity of two consecutively shown configurations.…”

Section: Spatial Relations and Their Categorizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Boundaries and Prototypes in Categorizing Direction

Mast

Wolter

Klippel

et al. 2014

Spatial Cognition IX

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Abstract. Projective terms such as left, right, front, back are conceptually interesting due to their flexibility of contextual usage and their central relevance to human spatial cognition. Their default acceptability areas are well known, with prototypical axes representing their most central usage and decreasing acceptability away from the axes. Previous research has shown these axes to be boundaries in certain non-linguistic tasks, indicating an inverse relationship between linguistic and non-linguistic direction concepts under specific circumstances. Given this striking mismatch, our study asks how such inverse non-linguistic concepts are represented in language, as well as how people describe their categorization. Our findings highlight two distinct grouping strategies reminiscent of theories of human categorization: prototype based or boundary based. These lead to different linguistic as well as non-linguistic patterns.

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Spatial language and spatial representation

Cited by 230 publications

References 22 publications

Neural correlates of numbers and mathematical terms

Neural correlates of numbers and mathematical terms

Image-based object recognition in man, monkey and machine

Boundaries and Prototypes in Categorizing Direction

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